The research on the strategies of the behavioral self-control

1. 生物反馈控制皮肤温度的研究及对策。1)考察了生物反馈训练各环节的效率。(1)频率任务和量任务均能有效提高手指皮肤温度。(2)逐次逼近法是比固定准则法更有效的皮肤温度升高训练方法。2)研究了自体训练和反馈对手指皮肤温度升高的影响。自体训练是提高皮肤温度的有效策略。一般来说，反馈信号倾向于恶化皮肤温度的控制。然而，反馈的效果存在个体差异。也就是说，当反馈出现时，有的受试者皮肤温度升高，有的受试者皮肤温度降低。生物反馈控制心率的研究。1)考察了自体训练作为一种策略对心率控制的影响。自体训练是一种非常有效的降低心率的方法。这项技术在心率下降的程度上产生了很大的个体差异。2)研究反馈效应和个体差异对心率控制的影响。(1)绩效与反馈（信息呈现）之间没有关系。(2)有两种类型的受试者，心率控制良好和较差。(3)呼吸策略与心率控制程度相关。心率控制程度、呼吸方法、肌肉紧张和放松之间存在高度相关。疼痛控制和策略的研究。对各种疼痛控制策略进行了分类，并对每一类策略的有效性进行了检验。对特定任务的注意力集中、自我控制、意象回忆是控制实验性疼痛的有效策略。

1. Studies on the control of skin temperature with biofeedback and strategies.1) Efficiency of various procedures of biofeedback training was exmined.(1)Frequency task was effective to increase finger skin temperature as well as amount task.(2)Successive approximation method was more effective training procedure to increase skin temperature than fixed criterion method.2) Effects of autogenic tranining and feedback on the increase of finger skin temperature were examined.Autogenic training was the effective strategy to increase skin temperature. In general, feedback signals tended to deteriorate control of skin temperature. However, there were individual deferences in effect of feedback. That is, some of the subjects increased their skin temperature and some of them decrease when the feedback was presented.2. Studies on the control of heart rates with biofeedback.1) Effects of autogenic training as a strategy on the control of heart rates were examined.(1)Autogenic training was an extremely effective technique to decrease heart rates.(2)This technique produced large individual differences in the degree of heart rates decrease.2) Feedback effects and individual differences on the heart rate control were examined.(1)There was no relation between performance and feedback (information presentation).(2)There were two types of subjects, who showed a good and poor control of heart rates.(3)Respiration as strategy related to the degree of heart rates control. High correlation among the degree of heart rates control, methods of respiration, muscle tension, and relaxation were found.3. Studies of the pain control and it's strategies.Various strategies of pain control were categorized and efficiency of the strategies of each category were examined. Attention focusing on the specific task, self-control, recall of imagery were effective strategies to control of experimentrally induced pain.