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REACTION ENGINEERING STUDY ON THE CATALYST ACTIVITY OF immobilized biocatalysts

固定化生物催化剂催化活性的反应工程研究

基本信息

批准号：
60470116
负责人：
FURUSAKI Shintaro
金额：
$ 2.56万
依托单位：
THE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1985
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1985 至 1987
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Investigation of the influence of intraparticle mass transfer was carried out using immobilized microorganisms and immobilized plant cells entrapped in Ca-alginate gel particles. Baker's yeast and Zymomonas sp. were used as microorganisms and Papaver somniferum was used as a model of plant cells.1. The influence of mass transfer was studied using immobilized resting yeast and immobilized growing yeast. In the latter case. the inhomogeneous cell distribution in the carrier was observed. Effective diffusivity in the gel holding cells was measured and correlated by the random pore model taking account of the decrease of effective diffusion area caused by the cells. The reaction rate of ethanol production was obtained using free cells. Combining the effective diffusivity and the reaction rate, the overall reactivity of the immobilized yeast was calculated. The calculated value coincided with the experimental data. The overall reaction rate decreased due to the large diffusion resistance when the cell concentration in the carrier increased.2. A similar approach was applied to study the behavior of immobilized resting Zymomonal mobilis. The effectiveness factor was obtained from the overall reaction rate. The inherent reaction rate of the cells was found to be about 80% of that of the free cells.3. The analysis was again carried out for the case of immobilized plant cells. The biotransformation of codeinone to codeine was investigated using immobilized Papaver somniferum. The repeated use of the biocatalyst resulted in the decrease of the activity. although the initial reactivity of the immobilized cell was almost identical with that of the free cells. According to the analysis of the diffusion behavior of substrates. the oxygen transfer was found salient to the stability of the immobilized plant cells.

采用海藻酸钙凝胶颗粒包裹固定化微生物和固定化植物细胞，研究了固定化微生物和固定化植物细胞对颗粒内传质的影响。以贝克酵母（Baker’s yeast）和单胞菌（zymononas sp.）为微生物，以木瓜（Papaver somniferum）为植物细胞模型。研究了固定化静止酵母和固定化生长酵母对传质的影响。在后一种情况下。观察到载体中细胞分布不均匀。考虑到凝胶保持池的有效扩散面积减小，采用随机孔模型对凝胶保持池的有效扩散系数进行了测量和关联。利用游离细胞得到乙醇生产的反应速率。结合有效扩散率和反应速率，计算了固定化酵母的总体反应活性。计算值与实验数据吻合。随着载体中细胞浓度的增加，由于扩散阻力大，整体反应速率降低。类似的方法被应用于研究固定化静息酵母运动的行为。有效因子由总反应速率得到。发现细胞的固有反应速率约为游离细胞的80%。对固定化植物细胞的情况再次进行了分析。利用固定化罂粟研究了可待因酮向可待因的生物转化。生物催化剂的重复使用导致活性降低。虽然固定化细胞的初始反应性与游离细胞几乎相同。根据对基体扩散行为的分析。氧的传递对固定化植物细胞的稳定性有显著影响。