Studies on fungal-parasite and fungal-borne viruses

真菌寄生虫和真菌传播病毒的研究

• 批准号: 60480044
• 负责人: YAMASHITA Shuichi
• 金额: $ 4.1万
• 依托单位: Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1985
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1985 至 1986
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-60480044/
• 关键词: fungal-parasite viruses; fungal-borne viruses; fungi; viruses; 植物

( <I> ) Fungal parasitic viruses: Fungal viruses were screened over 600 fungal isolates 103 genus, 200 species) mainly phytopathogenic fungi. In the coures of this experiment, 41 new viruses were detected from 35 species and 7 known viruses were recognized from 6 species, suggesting that fungal viruses are wide-spread among various of these microorganisms. Direct negative staining method was shown to be the most efficient technigue to detect fungal viruses. Most of the viruses used in this study were purified from their hosts and morphological and physicochemical properties were examined. Some of them were multi component due to the differences in nucleic acid contents. Double-shell capsid structure was observed in 4 viruses and two of them posssed spikes at the 12 vertices, seemed to be taxonomically important. Serological properties of the fungal viruses were tested using virus antiserum against 7 viruses and two of them were sero-logically related with each other. Intracellular appe … More arance of each viruses were studied. Usually, viruses were recognized as both diffused and aggregated or crystalline arrays within the cytoplasm or vacuole. In two cases, specific matrix regions were observed in the cytoplasm. Fungal viruses seemed to be classified into two classes of particle diameter of 25-30nm group and 35-45nm group according to their physicochemical properties and particle sizes. ( <II> ) Fungal-borne viruses: 10 soil-borne plant viruses transmitted by Olpidium and Polymyxa were studied. Classification of each viruses were examined in regard to their geographical distribution, morphology of the virus particles, physicochemical properties and intracellular appearances. Consequently, elongated viruses were divided into following 3 groups, (1) SBWMV,BNYVV,BNMV group, (2) BYMV, WYMV group, (3) LBVV,TSV group. And spherical viruses were divided into following 3 groups, (1) TNV group, (2) PSNV,MNSV group, (3) SV group , respectively. Varieties of fungal-borne viruses were evident by this comparative study and classification groups. Less

(1)真菌寄生病毒：从600余株真菌分离株中筛选出真菌病毒103属200种，主要为植物病原真菌。在本实验过程中，从35个种中检测到41个新病毒，从6个种中识别出7个已知病毒，表明真菌病毒在这些微生物中广泛分布。直接负染法是检测真菌病毒最有效的方法。本研究中使用的大多数病毒都是从宿主中纯化出来的，并对其形态和理化性质进行了检查。由于核酸含量的不同，有些是多组分的。在4个病毒中观察到双壳衣壳结构，其中两个在12个顶端有刺，这在分类学上似乎是重要的。用抗7种病毒的病毒抗血清检测真菌病毒的血清学特性，其中两种病毒具有血清学上的相关性。细胞内APPE…对每种病毒的更多耐受性进行了研究。通常认为，病毒在细胞质或液泡中既有弥散排列，也有聚集排列或结晶排列。在2例中，在细胞质中观察到特定的基质区域。真菌病毒按其理化性质和大小可分为25-30 nm组和35-45 nm组两类。(&lt；II&gt；)真菌传播的病毒：研究了10种由裸子兰和多粘菌传播的土传植物病毒。对每种病毒的地理分布、病毒颗粒的形态、理化性质和细胞内外观进行了分类。因此，将细长病毒分为3组，(1)SBWMV、BNYVV、BNMV组，(2)BYMV、WYMV组，(3)LBVV、TSV组。球形病毒分为3组：(1)TNV组，(2)PSNV组，(3)MNSV组，(3)SV组。通过这项比较研究和分组，真菌传播的病毒的种类很明显。较少

项目成果

Yamashita, S.: Gihoushya. Fungal viruses, (1987)

山下，S.：Gihoushya。

Oku,T.;Yamashita,S.;Doi,Y.;Hiura,U.: Ann.Phytopath.Soc.Japan. 52. 700-708 (1986)

Oku，T.；Yamashita，S.；Doi，Y.；Hiura，U.：Ann.Phytopath.Soc.Japan。

Hiratsuka, K., Namba, S., Yamashita, S. and Doi, Y.: "Plasmid-like DNA from Botrytis cinerea" Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan. 53. (1987)

Hiratsuka, K.、Namba, S.、Yamashita, S. 和 Doi, Y.：“来自灰霉病菌的类质粒 DNA”Ann。

Hiratsuka.K.;Namba,S.;Yamashita,S.;Doi,Y.: Ann.Phytopath.Soc.Japan. 53. (1987)

Hiratsuka.K.；Namba,S.；Yamashita,S.；Doi,Y.：Ann.Phytopath.Soc.Japan。

Oku, T., Yamashita, S., Doi, Y. and Hiura, U.: "Genetic analysis of resistance of wheat cultivars to races and formae specialis of Erysiphe graminis DC." Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan. 52. 700-708 (1986)

Oku, T.、Yamashita, S.、Doi, Y. 和 Hiura, U.：“小麦品种对禾白粉菌小种和特型的抗性的遗传分析。”