Developement of the general neutrino detector based on indium

长期以来，人们一直致力于太阳中微子的测量，但实际观测到的中微子仅为太阳标准模型预测的1/3，这个问题被称为“太阳中微子失踪之谜“。这个问题被认为与中微子的质量有关，是基本粒子物理学的基本问题。然而，为了明确地解决这个问题，太阳pp核聚变产生的低能中微子（最高能量为420 KeV）必须测量。为此，我们研制了能探测这类中微子的铟基中微子探测器。我们集中力量研制了InP固体探测器和掺铟闪烁晶体。我们成功地研制了能测量60 KeV射线的InP固体<gamma>探测器。我们测量了InP固体探测器的电容、耗尽层厚度和对<alpha>γ<gamma>射线的响应。这是国际上首次报道InP固体探测器的成功，分辨率为0.17/<square root>E（MeV）。这不是一个足够的质量，我们已经证明，随着晶体质量和探测器尺寸的提高，InP固体探测器将成为低能中微子探测器的一个很好的候选者。我们测试了几种掺铟的超导晶体，测量了它们的发光和双折射率。我们对它们的性能进行了分析，并对它们的性能进行了比较。结果表明，InP固体探测器是一种很好的低能中微子探测器在室温下不能得到足够的发光和高的双折射率的晶体，但我们得出结论，如果将InI或TlI（In）冷却到液氮温度，它们可以用作探测器。

There has been a long time sffort to measure the neutrinos from the sun.But the neutrinos actually observed are only 1/3 of the predicted flux based on the standard model of the sun.This problem is called as a "Missing solar neutrino puzzle"This problem is thought to be related to the mass of the neutrinos,the fundamental problem of the elementary particle physics.However,in prder to resolve the problem unambiguously,the low energy neutrinos from the pp fusion process in the sun,which are at most 420 KeV,must be measured.Therefore We have developed indium based neutrino detectors which are able to detect such neutrinos.We have concentrated our effort to develop InP solid state detectors and indium doped scintillating crystals.We have succeeded to make InP SSD which had a ability to measure 60 KeV<gamma> rays.We have measured the capacitance,thickness od the depletion layers and the responses to the<alpha>and<gamma>-rays.This is the first report of the success of the InP detectors in the world.The resolution obtained was 0.17/<square root>E(MeV).This is not a sufficient quality,but improvement will be expected in the future.We have demonstrated that the InP solid state detector would be a good candidate for the low energy neutrino detector with a future improvement of the quality of the crystal and the size of the detector.We have tested several kinds of scintillating crystals doped with indium.We measured the luminescence and transparentness of the scintillating crystals.We could not get a crystal with sufficient luminescence at room temperature and high transparentness.However,we have come to the conclusion that InI or TlI(In)may be used as a detector if they are cooled down to the temperature of the liquid nitrogen.