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Comparative studies on the development of embryo and primary root in Commelinales

鸭跖草目胚与初生根发育的比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
61480014
负责人：
YAMASHITA Takashi
金额：
$ 4.03万
依托单位：
Ochanomizu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1986
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1986 至 1987
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-61480014/
关键词：
Commelinaceae Gramineae Coix Embryogenesis Primaryt root Root cap Coleorrhiza コンピューターグラフィックス

项目摘要

In the majority of angiosperms, the primary root has an exogenous origin. Its development does not effect any tissue disintegration, because the root cap in formed by periclinal divisions of the primary dermatogen, the outermost cell-layer of the embryo. An exceptional case is the first embryonal root of Gramineae. It dissolves the surrounding tissue and makes a cavity which separates the root cap and the outermost envelop, the coleorrhiza. In the embryo of Coix, four root primordia develop successively within a common cavity and a common coleorrhiza. All of them are endogenous and no strctural difference was observed among them.During the embryogenesis of Commlina, the root cap of the primary root is initiated exogenously from the dermatogen. However, it grows later in a peculiar way. Shortly after germination, some cells within the lateral region of the root cap begin to dissolve by autolysis, forming a cavity. By the enlarging cavity the root cap is separated into an inner and an outer part. The inner part adheres to the root body, but the outer part is pierced by the growing root body, finally spreads off and forms an umbraculiform appendage at the hypocotyl base. It seems possible to consider this mode of development to be intermediate between exogenous and endogenous root formation.Embryos of Habenaria and Platanthera (Orchidaceae) were cultivated in sterilized nutritious medium. Protocorms, adventitious roots and tuberous roots were investigated morphologically and anatomically. Shoot apex of the main axis is enclosed by proximal part of the tuberous root primordium. Then the tuberous root grows, together with the shoot apex, out of the plant body through a broken hole of the stem.The author endeavored to draw anatomical figures of these reports by computer graphics. But the sortware programming is not yet completed. He has a plan to make additional reports in the following years.

在大多数被子植物中，初生根具有外源起源。它的发育不会影响任何组织分解，因为根帽是由初级皮肤原（胚胎最外层细胞层）的周分裂形成的。一个例外的例子是禾本科植物的第一个胚根。它溶解周围的组织并形成一个空腔，将根冠和最外层的包膜（即鞘根）分开。在薏苡仁的胚胎中，四个根原基在一个共同的腔和一个共同的菌根内相继发育。它们都是内源性的，并且它们之间没有观察到结构差异。在鸭跖草胚胎发生过程中，初生根的根冠是由皮肤原外源启动的。然而，它后来以一种特殊的方式生长。发芽后不久，根冠侧面区域内的一些细胞开始通过自溶溶解，形成空腔。通过扩大的空腔，根帽被分成内部部分和外部部分。内部附着在根体上，外部则被正在生长的根体刺穿，最后展开，在下胚轴基部形成伞状附属物。似乎可以认为这种发育模式介于外源和内源根形成之间。Habenaria 和 Platanthera（兰科）的胚胎在无菌营养培养基中培养。对原球茎、不定根和块根进行形态学和解剖学研究。主轴的芽尖被块根原基的近端部分包围。然后块根连同茎尖一起通过茎上的破孔长出植物体。作者尽力用计算机绘图来绘制这些报道的解剖图。但排序软件的编程尚未完成。他计划在接下来的几年里提交更多报告。