Indexing of the Vocabularies of Han Wooden Strips by Computer

本研究包括以下三个部分：(1)图像数据库系统发展概况；(2)设计和构建敦煌汉木条图像数据库系统，并对木条中发现的古代词汇进行索引；(3)对木条图像进行图像处理，引入几何参数进行特征提取。首先，我们对各个领域构建的图像数据库系统进行了综述，重点关注了系统的组织，并从其对未来人文科学发展的可能性的角度指出了其中存在的问题。其次，我们设计并构建了一个实验性的敦煌汉木条图像数据库系统。系统中实现的所有词汇表都是基于我们对木条中句子的解释和该领域的许多资料，而它们的图像数据则是通过扫描或CCD相机从E. Chavannes和H. Maspero的文献中获得的。我们详细说明了如何从放置在同一页上的许多木条中自动剪切出单个图像，以及如何从一排汉字中半自动剪切出单个字符。我们已将人名、地名、官名、年号、成语等几种词汇编入索引。通过使用这个系统，我们能够从木条上的每个句子中检索一个汉字，以KWIC（关键词在语境中）排序的方式，以及以通常的格式。本系统为汉代木条的研究奠定了基础。第三，我们将原始汉字图像转换成双灰度图像，并利用已知的图像处理技术对图像进行细化，提取出古代汉字的特征，得到按原顺序重新绑扎木条的钥匙。我们将几何参数分别应用于1987年、1961年、1988年的“林湖绥”、“元康5号”、“聚岩汉建”三种被恢复到原顺序的“林湖绥”、“元康5号”三种几何参数。少

This research consists of the following three parts:(I) survey of the advance of image database systems;(2) the design and construction of the image database system of the Dun-Huang Han wooden strips, and indexing of ancient vocabularies found in the wooden strips;(3) image processing of the images of wooden strips and feature extraction by introducing geometrical parameters.Firstly, we survey image database systems constructed in the various fields, especially focusing on the organization of systems, and point out the underlying problems from the viewpoint of their possibility of the future advance in the human sciences.Secondly, we design and construct an experimental image database system of the Dun-Huang Han wooden strips. All the vocabularies implemented in the system are based on both our interpretation of sentences in the wooden strips and many materials presented in this field, while their image data are obtained from the documents of E. Chavannes and H. Maspero through a scann … More er or a CCD camera. We explain the way how to cut out a single image automatically from many wooden strips placed in the same page, and how to cut out a single character semi-automatically in a row of Chinese characters, in detail. We have indexed several kinds of vocabularies, such as person's names, place names, government official names, names of era, idioms. By using this system we are able to retrieve a single Chinese character from each sentence in a wooden strip, in the style of KWIC(Key Word In Context) sorting, as well as in the usual format. We believe that this system gives a foundation in the research of Han wooden strips.Thirdly, we convert the original Chinese character images into two-gray level images and thinner the resulting images by well-known image processing techniques so that we may extract features of ancient Chinese characters and get a key to rebind wooden strips in the original order. We examine geometrical parameters, by applying them to "Lin-hu-sui ce-shu', "ce-shu of Yuan-Kang 5', "Ju-Yan Han-Jian ce-shu", which were rebound for their original order in 1987, 1961, 1988, respectively. Less