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Selective Degeneration and Sexual Dimorphism of Flight Muscles in Crickets

蟋蟀飞行肌的选择性退化和性别二态性

基本信息

批准号：
63480022
负责人：
YAMAGUCHI Tsuneo
金额：
$ 4.54万
依托单位：
Okayama University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1988
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1988 至 1990
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The present experiments were designed to study mainly the selective degeneration of flight muscles during adult life and sexual dimorphism of flight muscles and nervous system in the cricket (Gryllus bimaculatus DeGeer). The results obtained were as follows : (1) The metathoracic indirect flight muscle (M112a) grew significantly during the first 3 days after the imaginal moult ; soon after muscle mass reached its maximum value, it began to degenerate. The degree of growth and degeneration of M112a in the female was greater than in the male. The degeneration of M112a occurred first in the ventral part of the muscle, and then in the dorsal part. The severance of the motoneurons innervating M112a resulted in the simultaneous degeneration of M112a in both parts. (2) When the young adult was decapitated within 24 hours after the imaginal moult, there was little or no degeneration of M112a visible. The selective degeneration of M112a, however, was visible in the decapitated young adult, into … More which JH hormone was injected daily, as well as in the normal young adults. (3) When the motoneurons innervating M112a were severed immediately after the imaginal moult, the growth of M112a was suppressed, but the timing of degeneration of the denervated M112a was similar to that of the normally innervated M112a. (4) It was evident that there was the sexual dimorphism in the mechanical activity of the direct flight muscle, M90, but the motoneurons innervating M90 did not show significant sexual dimorphism in their morphological characteristics. (5) The tracer experiment using ionic lanthanum clearly demonstrated the presence of transverse ionic passages through the cuticular ductules from the haemocoel to the lumen of the spermathecal duct and glandular cavities. (6) Behavioral experiment showed that the development of mating behavior in the male cricket is a process of enhancement of basic motor patters but not a process of addition of new movements by changes in pattern generation circuits in the central nervous system. Less

本实验主要研究蟋蟀成年期飞行肌肉的选择性退化以及飞行肌肉和神经系统的两性二态性。结果表明：(1)脱毛后3 d，胸间飞肌（M112a）显著生长；肌肉量达到最大值后不久，就开始退化。M112a在雌虫体内的生长和退化程度大于雄虫。M112a的退变首先发生在肌肉的腹侧，然后发生在背侧。支配M112a的运动神经元的断裂导致两部分M112a同时变性。(2)在脱毛后24小时内将成虫斩首，M112a变性极少或不可见。然而，M112a的选择性变性在被斩首的年轻人中是可见的，在每天注射JH激素的年轻人中，以及在正常的年轻人中。(3)当在脱毛后立即切断支配M112a的运动神经元时，M112a的生长受到抑制，但失神经支配的M112a变性的时间与正常支配的M112a相似。(4)直飞肌M90的机械活动存在明显的性别二态性，而支配M90的运动神经元在形态特征上没有明显的性别二态性。(5)离子镧示踪实验清楚地表明，从血腔到精囊管管腔和腺腔的角质层小管中存在横向离子通道。(6)行为实验表明，雄蟋蟀交配行为的发展是一个基本运动模式增强的过程，而不是通过中枢神经系统模式产生回路的变化而增加新运动的过程。少