Common and Distinct Mechanisms of Social Anxiety and Alcohol Use

社交焦虑和饮酒的常见和独特机制

• 批准号: 438967918
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Tanja Endrass
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/438967918?language=en
• 关键词: Common; Distinct; Mechanisms; Social; Anxiety

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) co-occurs frequently with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Our project aims to disentangle common and specific behavioral and neuronal mechanisms of SAD and AUD to investigate potential shared vulnerabilities. Whereas SAD is associated with increased threat reactivity and performance monitoring, the risk to develop AUD is suggested to be enhanced under either altered threat reactivity or reward sensitivity and impulsivity. However, it remains unclear which combination of alterations in these mechanisms are associated with the comorbidity of SAD and AUD. Prior work suggests that there is an impulsive-anxious subtype among individuals with SAD which might account for problematic alcohol use and is associated with self-reported reward sensitivity and impulsivity. However, no study to date has investigated underlying mechanisms regarding this comorbidity. We will focus on markers robustly associated with anxiety or addiction. Threat reactivity will be assessed as startle response using electromyography in a no/predictable/unpredictable threat task. Markers for reward sensitivity will be striatal activity and reaction times in a monetary incentive delay task during functional magnetic resonance imaging. The error-related negativity will serve as a marker for performance monitoring and will be assessed in a flanker task using electroencephalography (EEG). Impulsivity will be examined with response inhibition and delay discounting. The N2 and P3 amplitude will serve as neuronal markers of response inhibition in a stop signal task during EEG. The discounting factor (k-value) will serve as a behavioral marker assessed in a delay discounting task. This multimethod study will be conducted in four groups of participants: Individuals with SAD, AUD, comorbid SAD + AUD and healthy controls. Besides dimensional and group comparison analyses for each mechanisms, we will conduct an overall latent class analysis to examine whether underlying behavioral and neuronal mechanisms explain across and beyond diagnoses the comorbidity of SAD and AUD. The results of this project would be highly relevant for understanding the comorbidity between the examined disorders and providing a basis for developing and improving tailored treatment procedures for individuals with SAD and AUD.

社交焦虑症（SAD）经常与酒精使用障碍（AUD）同时发生。我们的项目旨在理清 SAD 和 AUD 的常见和特定行为和神经机制，以调查潜在的共同漏洞。尽管 SAD 与威胁反应性和绩效监控的增加有关，但建议在威胁反应性或奖励敏感性和冲动性改变的情况下，开发 AUD 的风险会增加。然而，目前尚不清楚这些机制的哪种改变组合与 SAD 和 AUD 的合并症相关。先前的研究表明，SAD 患者存在一种冲动-焦虑亚型，这可能是酒精使用问题的原因，并且与自我报告的奖励敏感性和冲动性相关。然而，迄今为止还没有研究调查这种合并症的潜在机制。我们将重点关注与焦虑或成瘾密切相关的标记。将在无/可预测/不可预测威胁任务中使用肌电图将威胁反应性评估为惊吓反应。奖励敏感性的标记将是功能磁共振成像期间金钱激励延迟任务中的纹状体活动和反应时间。与错误相关的消极情绪将作为绩效监控的标记，并将使用脑电图（EEG）在侧翼任务中进行评估。冲动性将通过反应抑制和延迟贴现来检查。 N2 和 P3 幅度将作为 EEG 期间停止信号任务中反应抑制的神经元标记。贴现因子（k 值）将作为延迟贴现任务中评估的行为标记。这项多方法研究将在四组参与者中进行：患有 SAD、AUD、共病 SAD + AUD 的个体以及健康对照。除了对每种机制进行维度和组比较分析外，我们还将进行整体潜在类别分析，以检查潜在的行为和神经元机制是否可以解释 SAD 和 AUD 合并症的诊断。该项目的结果对于了解所检查疾病之间的共病具有高度相关性，并为开发和改进针对 SAD 和 AUD 患者的定制治疗程序提供基础。