Electron microscopic study on oral manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus infection

HIV感染的口腔表现很多，其中一些已经被认为在疾病的早期诊断中具有重要意义。HIV感染者的口腔表现为肌萎缩、细菌或病毒感染、肿瘤或病因不明。口腔念珠菌病发生的假膜性，增生性和糜烂性类型应考虑。口腔毛状白斑病的特征是舌侧边缘的白色斑块，无法擦除。光镜检查表明，病变的特点是角化不全，棘层，挖空细胞和缺乏炎症的上皮下组织。使用电子显微镜，疱疹病毒组（EB病毒）的颗粒被发现在上皮的上三分之二在这个lesion. Oal毛状白斑是HIV感染的早期迹象，其重要性与艾滋病（主要是肺孢子虫肺炎）的发展在83%的受影响的患者在31个月内诊断后。口腔内卡波西肉瘤的电镜研究显示，在扁平的病变中，增生的内皮细胞突入血管腔。外生性病变由细长的梭形肿瘤细胞和裂缝状血管样管腔组成。梭形肿瘤细胞的特征是细胞间连接和韦伯-帕拉德体。

Oral manifestations in HIV infection are numerous and some of these have been acknowledged as bing of great importance in early diagnosis of the disease. Oral manifestations in HIV-infected individuals occurred as mycotic, bacterial or viral infection, neoplasm or unknown etiology. Oral candidiasis occurring as pseudomembranous, hyperplastic and erythematous types should be considered. Oral hairy leukoplakia is characterized by whitish plaques at the lateral border of the tongue which cannot be rubbed off. Light microscopic investigations indicated that the lesion is characterized by parakeratosis, acanthosis, koilocytosis and lack of inflammation in the subepithelial tissue. Using electron microscopy, particles of the herpes virus group(Epstein-Barr virus) were found in the upper two thirds of the epithelium in this lesion.Oral hairy leukoplakia is an early sign of HIV infection and its importance relates to the development of AIDS(mostly Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia) in 83% of the affected patients within 31 months after its diagnosis. Electron microscopic study on intraoral Kaposi's sarcoma showed proliferating endothelial cells protruded into the lumen of the vascular space in the flat lesions. Exophytic lesions consisted of elongated spindle tumor cells and cleft-shaped, vessel-like lumina. Spindle tumor cells were characterized by intercellular junctions and Weibel-Palade bodies.