STUDY ON PERIGLACIAL PHENOMENA AND ENVIRONMENTS OF THE DAISETSUZAN MOUNTAINS,CENTRAL HOKKAIDO

北海道中部大雪山冰缘现象与环境研究

• 批准号: 04680251
• 负责人: TAKAHASHI Nobuyuki
• 金额: $ 1.15万
• 依托单位: HOKKAI-GAKUEN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1992 至 1993
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04680251/
• 关键词: the Daisetsuzan Mountains; periglacial phenomena; periglacial environment; permafrost; wind-blown ground; geoecology; palsa bog; 永久凍士; 高山帯

From 1992 to 1993, observations of air temperature, solar rediation and soil temperature, and vegetation research were carried out in the alpine zone of the Daisetsuzan Mountains of central Hokkaido, Japan.The study area is under a periglacial environment.According to the air temperature observation for a year, the annual mean temperature was -3.0ﾟC.It means that the study area belongs to a discontinuous permafrost zone. In fact, permafrost is distributed in the alpine zone as shown by palsa bog. The distribution of permafrost, however, is restricted by ground surface conditions ; snow cover, vegetation cover etc.Ground temperatures were measured in the autumn of 1993. Higher ground temperatures were recorded in the alpine tall herbaceous community and the Sasa kurilensis community, where the ground surface are covered with more than 100 cm of snow in winter. The depth of snow in the Pinus pumila community exceeds 100 cm as well. But the autumn ground temperature in the community is lowest except for that in the permafrost area. The ground temperature of wind-blown bare ground falls below -20ﾟC in winter and rises higher in summer than in the ground under other other surface conditions. As a result, the temperature of the wind-blown bare ground is comparatively high in autumn. The observation of ground temperature in autumn suggests that permafrost occurs in the wind-blown bare grounds with a surface layr of loose structure, with a peat layr more than 60 cm thick, and with other thick organic layrs such as humus layr and lichen mat.Abave ground conditions affect a distribution of alpine plants. In the vegetation research in 1993, Carex rotundala Wahlenb. was found newly in Japan. The species is distributed in the circumpolar areas of the Northern Hemisphere.

1992 ~ 1993年，在日本北海道中部大雪山高寒带进行了气温、太阳辐射和土壤温度的观测和植被研究。研究区处于冰缘环境下。根据一年的气温观测，年平均气温为-3.0ºC。这意味着研究区属于不连续多年冻土带。事实上，永久冻土带分布在高寒地带，如palsa沼泽所示。然而，永久冻土层的分布受地表条件的限制；1993年秋季测量了地温。高寒高草本群落和沙草群落的地表温度较高，冬季地表积雪超过100 cm。黑松群落的积雪深度也超过了100厘米。但群落秋季地温除永久冻土区外是最低的。在其他地表条件下，风蚀裸地冬季地温低于- 20oc，夏季地温高于地面温度。因此，在秋天，风吹裸露地面的温度相对较高。秋季地温观测表明，多年冻土带发生在风吹雨打的裸露地面上，表层结构松散，泥炭层厚度大于60 cm，并有腐殖质层和地衣层等较厚的有机层，地面条件影响高山植物的分布。在1993年的植被研究中，毛茛（Carex rotundala Wahlenb）。是在日本新发现的。该物种分布在北半球的环极地区。

项目成果

TAKAHASHI,N.AND SATO,K.: "TAIL-SHAPED VEGETATION PATCH AS AN INDICATOR TO ESTIMATE THE WINTER PREVAILING WIND IN THE ALPINE BARE GROUND" QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHY. 46. 136-146 (1994)

高桥，N. 和佐藤，K.：“尾形植被斑块作为估计高山裸地冬季盛行风的指标”地理学季刊。

TAKAHASHI,N.: "DISTRIBUTION OF THE AUTUMN GROUND TEMPERATURE AND ITS CONTROLLING FACTORS IN THE ALPINE ZONE OF THE CENTRAL DAISETSUZAN MOUNTAINS" GEOGRAPHICAL REVIEW OF JAPAN. 68A. 27-42 (1995)

高桥，N.：“中央大雪山高寒地带秋季地温分布及其控制因素”日本地理评论。

高橋伸幸・佐藤謙: "高山風衝砂礫地にみられる冬季卓越風指標としての“しっぽ状"植生" 李刊地理学. 46. 136-146 (1994)

Nobuyuki Takahashi 和 Ken Sato：“在高山受风影响的砾石地区发现‘尾形’植被作为冬季盛行风的指标”Lee Publishing Geography 46. 136-146 (1994)。

KANDA,H and Sato,K: "An arctic moss,Loeskypnum badium(Hartm.)Paul(Amblystegiaceae),new to Japan" Hikobia. 11. 429-433 (1994)

KANDA,H 和 Sato,K：“一种北极苔藓，Loeskypnum badium(Hartm.)Paul (Amblystegiaceae)，日本新品种”Hikobia。

高橋伸幸: "大雪山中央部高山帯における秋季の地温分布とその支配要因" 地理学評論. 68. 27-42 (1995)

高桥信行：“大雪山中部高寒地带秋季土壤温度分布及其控制因素”，地理评论68。27-42（1995）。