STUDY ON PERIGLACIAL PHENOMENA AND ENVIRONMENTS IN THE ALPINE ZONE OF JAPAN

在日本高山的高山地带、日本北部的大泽山山脉、北海道的长田山和立日山，以及日本中部的杉冈山和南宫山进行了气温和地面温度、风速和风向的观测。研究结果总结如下：1.研究成果。大泽山是被风吹过的裸露地点和海拔1700米的林线上的气温。结果表明，大泽山山脉的上部属于不连续的多年冻土带，而且还属于高山带。10-4月风场平均风速超过10m/S，盛行风向为西北风。秋季，以日本高山上部为特征的短叶松群落是所有植物群落中最低的地温。这说明细毛松群落为夏季的地温状况创造了一个特殊的环境。约铁赞山a…Rishirizan更多和Rishirizan山在约泰赞山(1898米)山顶附近的风吹点的气温和Rishirizan山(1719ma.s.l.)结果表明，这两个地点的气候条件与不连续多年冻土带的气候条件相对应。但还没有通过地面温度观测或枯燥的研究来证实是否存在永久冻土层。Sugorokudake山和Minamidake山在Sugorokudake山顶(2,860米)附近的风场观测到了气温和地面温度和南城山(3033ma.s.l)。两座山的海拔存在差异，但气温条件的明显差异并不为人所知。气温表明，在山顶附近被风吹过的裸露地面上有一层永久冻土。然而，多年冻土并没有通过对须戈罗库达克山的地温观测而被识别出来。在南米达克山上，需要更多的观察和研究来确认是否存在永久冻土。较少

Observations of air and ground temperature and wind speed and direction were carried out in the alpine zone of Japanese high mountains, the Daisetsuzan Mountains, Mt.Yoteizan and Mt.Rishirizan in Hokkaido, northern Japan, and Mt.Sugorokudake and Mt.Minamidake in central Japan. The results are summarized as follows.1. the Daisetsuzan MountainsThe air temperatures at the wind-blown bare sites and at the forest line of 1,700m a.s.l. showed that the upper part of the Daisetsuzan Mountains belongs to a discontinuous permafrost zone and moreover to the alpine zone. The mean wind speed at the wind-blown site from October to April exceeds 10 m/s, and the prevailing wind direction is WNW.In autumn the lowest ground temperature is recorded in the Pinus pumila community, characterizing the upper part of Japanese high mountains, among all the plant communities. This indicates that the Pinus pumila community creates a peculiar environment for the ground temperature regime in summer.2. Mt.Yoteizan a … More nd Mt.RishirizanThe air temperatures at the wind-blown sites near the summits of Mt.Yoteizan (1,898m a.s.l.) and Mt.Rishirizan (1,719m a.s.l.) indicated that the climatic conditions of both sites corresponds to that of discontinuous permafrost zone. But a permafrost has not been confirmed through a ground temperature observation or a boring research.3. Mt.Sugorokudake and Mt.MinamidakeThe air and ground temperatures were observed at the wind-blown sites near the summits of Mt.Sugorokudake (2,860m a.s.l.) and Mt.Minamidake (3,033m a.s.l.). There is a difference in the altitude between the both mountains, but the conspicuous difference in the air temperature condition is not recognized between the two. The air temperatures indicated that there is a permafrost in the wind-blown bare ground near the summits. Permafrost, however, did not recognized through the ground temperature observation on Mt.Sugorokudake. On Mt.Minamidake, more observation and research are required to confirm that there is a permafrost or not. Less