Analysis of intestinal lipid metabolism involved in the regulation for dietary lipid uptake.

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Recently, postprandial serum lipid levels have been found to correlate more closely to cardiovascular diseases than fasting levels. However, the effect of fatty acid oxidation levels in intestinal epithelial cells on postprandial lipidemia ha s not been clarified. In this study, the effects of endogenous and exogenous factors involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism on postprandial lipidemia were examined. As a result, leptin (an endogenous factor) and bezafibrate, a potent PPAR-alpha agonist, (an exogenous one) suppressed postprandial lipidemia through enhancing fatty acid oxidation in intestinal epithelial cells. Particularly, the effects of PPAR-alpha activation were observed under obese and diabetic conditions as well as physiological conditions. Moreover, DHA, a food-derived factor activating PPAR-alpha, also suppressed postprandial lipidemia through the same mechanism of bezafibrate. These results suggest that the fatty acid oxidation in intestinal epithelial cells is an important factor determining dietary lipid uptake.