Relationship between a person's collectivistic and individualistic tendencies and intra-group influence process

一个人的集体主义和个人主义倾向与群体内影响过程的关系

• 批准号: 06610100
• 负责人: YAMAGUCHI Susumu
• 金额: $ 0.9万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1995
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06610100/
• 关键词: collectivism; individualism; risk judgment; 集団過程

In collectivist cultures the unit of survival has often been the group rather than the individual. It was hypothesized that people in a collectivist culture, like Japan, would feel safer in the presence of risk companions (i.e., those who are exposed to the same risk source) than when they are on their own, even when such expectations are not justifiable on the normative grounds. In Experiment 1, subjects were asked to estimate the risk level involved in six hypothetical situations with varying number of risk companions. The results indicated that the subjects'perceived risk level decreased as the number of risk companions increased. In Experiment 2, subjects were exposed to a real risk (i.e., electric shock) with varying number of risk companions. Again, the subjects estimated that they were safer with more risk companions. Thus, the two experiments verified the hypothesis. The present results suggest that people in a collectivist culture use a cognitive heuristic, which is named interdependence heuristic, in risk perception.

在集体主义文化中，生存的单位往往是集体，而不是个人。有人假设，像日本这样的集体主义文化中的人，在有风险同伴(即那些暴露于相同风险来源的人)在场的情况下，会比他们自己时感到更安全，即使这种期望在规范理由下是不合理的。在实验1中，受试者被要求估计在不同风险同伴数量的六种假设情况下涉及的风险水平。结果表明，受试者的感知风险水平随着风险同伴数量的增加而降低。在实验2中，受试者与不同数量的风险同伴一起暴露在真实的风险中(即电击)。再一次，受试者估计，有更多的风险同伴会更安全。因此，这两个实验验证了这一假说。目前的结果表明，在集体主义文化中，人们在风险感知中使用了一种被称为相互依赖启发式的认知启发式。