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Elucidation of existence situation of amylose in starch granule

淀粉颗粒中直链淀粉存在情况的阐明

基本信息

批准号：
06660155
负责人：
YAMADA Tetsuya
金额：
$ 1.41万
依托单位：
Mie University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06660155/
关键词：
Starch granule Ball-mill treatment Amylose Amylopectin Magnetic support Immobilized enzyme 澱粉イソアミラーゼ

项目摘要

There is no approval theory concerning to existence situation of molecular components < space distribution of amylose and amylopectin > in starch granule. To dissove this problem, we tried to develope the two methods. The first, ball-mill treatment of starch granule. That is, we found that starch granule is easily gelatinized by ball-mill traetment without heat and water. This fact suggests that we can easily control gelatization degree by regulation of ball-mill condition. Hence, it would be possible to be partial dissolution or melting of crystal region of amylopectin if we could find good ball-mill condition, and as the result, the granule would be expanded with retaining its original construction of granule. The expanded granule would be treated with special reagent which specificially react to amylose, and the granule treated with amylase or with the enzyme specificially react to amylopectin. These treatment could fix amylose situation in the granule or reveal amylose. In our stud … More y, it is proved that ball-mill treatment is very favorable to dissolve this problem. And we succeeded in introduction of fatty acid as the model of specific reagent by ultra high pressure treatment. We proved that the fatty acid is specificially induced to amylose by changing starch vareity. This fact suggest amylose being isolated from amylopectin. The second, sequential hydrolysis of amylopectin molecule from outside. This would be performed by immobilized amylase which has some extent of restricted enzyme action region. This reation would also reveal amylose and we could control the reaction by changing the region. In this case, we should gelatinized the granule by ball-mill before enzyme treatment. We succeeded in making immobilized pullulanase on magnetic support, and this makes possible quite easy separation from the enzyme from starch granule in reation mixture. In next stage, we tried to sequential hydrolysis of amylopectin in solution, and we succeeded.From these results, we succeeded in development of some methods for this study, however, we could not obtain the final dissolution of this problem. Less

关于淀粉颗粒中分子组分的存在状态，目前还没有公认的理论< space distribution of amylose and amylopectin >。为了解决这一问题，我们试图发展这两种方法。第一，球磨处理淀粉颗粒。也就是说，我们发现，淀粉颗粒很容易在没有热和水的情况下被球磨处理。这一事实表明，我们可以很容易地控制凝胶化程度的调节球磨条件。因此，如果能找到较好的球磨条件，有可能使支链淀粉的结晶区部分溶解或熔融，从而使颗粒在保持原有颗粒结构的情况下得到膨胀。膨化颗粒用与直链淀粉特异反应的试剂处理，用淀粉酶或与支链淀粉特异反应的酶处理。这些处理可以固定直链淀粉在颗粒中的位置，也可以使直链淀粉在颗粒中暴露出来。在我们的种马中 ...更多信息试验证明，球磨处理对解决这一问题十分有利。通过超高压处理，成功地引入了脂肪酸作为特异性试剂的模型。通过改变淀粉的种类，证明了脂肪酸是诱导直链淀粉形成的特异性物质。这一事实表明直链淀粉是从支链淀粉中分离出来的。第二步，支链淀粉分子从外界连续水解。固定化淀粉酶具有一定的限制性酶作用区。该反应还可以显示直链淀粉，我们可以通过改变反应区域来控制反应。在这种情况下，我们应该在酶处理之前用球磨机将颗粒糊化。我们成功地将普鲁兰酶固定在磁性载体上，使反应混合物中酶与淀粉颗粒的分离成为可能。在下一阶段，我们尝试在溶液中连续水解支链淀粉，我们成功了。从这些结果中，我们成功地开发了一些用于本研究的方法，但是，我们无法获得这个问题的最终解决方案。少