Search for Antiallergic and Antidiabetic Constituents from Oriental Medicinal Foodstuffs

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In search of new biologically active natural products, we have been engaged in characterization studies on antiallergic and antidiabetic constituents from oriental medicinal foodstuffs. During the course of these studies, we have isolated various new compounds having potent antiallergic and antidiabetic activities : i.e. 1) Two antiallergic principles, 6-shojail and 6-gingerol, from Zingiber officinale (Shouga) ; 2) Four antiallergic diterpene ketones, tirfoliones A,B,C,and D,from the tuber of Sagittaria trifolia (Kuwai) ; 3) Five hypoglycemic saponins, elatosides G,H,I,J,and K,from the young shoot of Aralia elata (Taranome) ; 4) Five hypoglycemic oligoglycosides, betavulgarosides I,II,III,IV,and V,from the roots and leaves of Beta vularis (Satoudaikon) ; 5) Two hypoglycemic glycosides, gymnemosides a and b, from the leaves of Gymnema sylvestre (Gimunema) ; 6) Eight hypoglycemic saponins escins Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb, IIIa, IIIb, IV,and V,from the seed of Aesculus hippocastanum (Tochinoki).