A Sociolinguistic Study on the Transition and Variation of Reading and Writing in Hong Kong.

本研究旨在厘清二战后香港的“读写”及与之相关的社会活动和现象。讨论的主要议题集中在六七十年代前后香港社会的文化与转型之间的关系。有证据表明，这一时期的社会转型迫使识字素质发生了变化，如“读写”能力、“读写”的主体和媒介、通过“读写”实现的身份或观念。1960年代初，香港政府的中国事务秘书处开始使用中文书写中国公民的信件。这种服务为60年代末的“中国官方语言运动”奠定了基础。20世纪70年代，文学界的“香港文学”意识随着文学奖的兴起而兴起，但旧式企业和以中文（广东话）授课的中学逐渐衰落。学校教学语言从汉语（广东话）向英语的转变，导致了传统观念的衰落；另一方面，又引起了中国文学意识的觉醒。此外，广东话盲文编码也在同一时期进行了修订。这意味着盲人的识字工具面临着与正常人一样的变化。奇怪的是，这一时期不仅是识字的改革时期，也是香港社会语言学的开端。我们推测，社会语言学在这一时期开始的原因之一是，社会转型过程中产生的语言情境为社会语言学提供了很好的材料，特别是在口语和共时研究方面。我们成功地为香港社会语言学提供了书面语、历史研究等新观点。

This study aims to clarify the Literacy, that is, 'reading ＆ writing' and social activities and phenomena concerned with them, about Hong Kong of post World War II. The main topics of discussion are focused on the relation between Literacy and transition of Hong Kong society around 1960-70's.The evidence proved that social transition in this period had forced the quality of Literacy such as ability of 'reading ＆ writing', subject and media for 'reading ＆ writing', identity or idea through 'reading ＆ writing', to change was true in this study. In the early 1960's, Secretariat for Chinese Affairs, a department of Hong Kong Government, began to use Chinese on letters for Chinese citizen. This service laid a foundation for 'Chinese official language movement' in the late 1960's. In 1970's, the consciousness of 'Hong Kong literature' was brought up with literary prize under the literary circle, but old type corporation and secondary school taught with Chinese (Cantonese) declined. Sift of the teaching language from Chinese (Cantonese) to English in schools caused the decline of old-fashioned idea; whereas, on the other hand, caused the consciousness of literature written in Chinese to rise.Addition to, the code of Cantonese braille was revised in the same period. This means that the Literacy tool for the blind person were confronted a change as same as the Literacy of sighted person.Oddly enough, 'this period is not only a reformation period of Literacy but also is the beginnings of sociolinguistics in Hong Kong. We guess that one of the reasons sociolinguistics began in this period was that language situation produced through the social transition was good material for sociolinguistics, especially in spoken language and synchronic study. We offered some new view points such as written language, historical study to sociolinguistics of Hong Kong successfully.