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Stress Appraisals and Coping of Children with Restricted Behavior Related to the Care Environment

与护理环境相关的行为受限儿童的压力评估和应对

基本信息

批准号：
06672322
负责人：
MURATA Keiko
金额：
$ 1.09万
依托单位：
Kobe University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this study was to identify the psychological stress and coping of children with restricted behavior as it related to the care environment, and to discuss ways to alleviate stress and to support effective coping.The subjects were 31 hospitalized children ages 3 to 15 whose behavior was restricted (immobilized 13, isolated 18) between medical treatment. Based on the Transactional Model by Lazarus, observations, structured interviews or questionnaires (children, parents, nurses), Rutter A Parents Scale, measuring catecholamine and cortisol in urine, and psychological tests (STAI and CDI) were used to collect data in two phase (restricted, non-restricted).The findings were as follows : When the children were restricted, their space and personal relationship were limited, their parents stayd or roomed in more (frequently), their contact with medical personnel and supportive care was greater than when they were non-restricted. Their psychological stress scores were significant … More ly higher than when they were not restricted and higher than their mothers or nurses recognized. The main stressors were confinement to the bed or room, limited mobility, inability to relate to peers, and boredom. When relating stress and the care environment, children'stress scores showed a negative correlation between the degree of a relationship with personnel, room-in with parents, and supportive care. Moreover, mean scores on Rutter A parents scale, STAI,and CDI and catecholamine and cortisol levels in urine were higher when the behavior was restricted. Coping strategies used effectively by the children were reading, drawing, playing, playing games, watching TV and listening to music.The results indicated that the ways to alleviate children'stress caused by restricted behavior for medical treatment, and to support their effective coping were to broaden relationship with personnel and to provide the care environment of "room-in" with parents and parental care, sensory stimulation, creative activities, and facilitated paly. Less

摘要本研究旨在探讨受限制行为儿童的心理压力及其与照护环境的关系，并探讨其缓解压力和有效应对的方法。研究对象为31名3至15岁的住院儿童，这些儿童在接受医疗治疗期间行为受到限制（固定、隔离）。基于Lazarus的交易模型，采用观察、结构化访谈或问卷调查（儿童、家长、护士）、Rutter A父母量表、尿液儿茶酚胺和皮质醇测量、心理测试（STAI和CDI）两阶段（限制和非限制）收集数据。调查结果如下：当儿童受到限制时，他们的空间和个人关系受到限制，他们的父母更（频繁地）逗留或住在房间里，他们与医务人员的接触和支持性护理比没有受到限制时更多。他们的心理压力得分显著高于不受限制时，也高于他们的母亲或护士所认识到的。主要的压力源是被限制在床上或房间里，行动不便，无法与同伴交往，以及无聊。当将压力与护理环境联系起来时，儿童的压力得分在与人员的关系程度、与父母的房间和支持性护理之间呈负相关。此外，当行为受到限制时，Rutter A父母量表、STAI、CDI和尿液中儿茶酚胺和皮质醇水平的平均得分更高。孩子们使用的有效应对策略是阅读、绘画、玩耍、玩游戏、看电视和听音乐。结果表明：拓宽与医护人员的关系、提供与父母“同室”的护理环境、提供感官刺激、创造性活动和促进性游戏是缓解儿童因医疗限制行为而产生的压力并支持其有效应对的途径。少