Collective quantum transport and light-assisted superconductivity

集体量子输运和光辅助超导

• 批准号: 449424711
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Sven Höfling
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institute of Spectroscopy
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/449424711?language=en
• 关键词: Collective; quantum; transport; light; assisted

Contemporary condensed matter physics is a foundation of the present-day electronics and technology. When merged with optics, it represents a powerful platform for modern ultrafast devices. At the same time, multiple phenomena lying at the border of these two realms, where solid-state systems are strongly coupled to light, are still to be explored, and potentially contain fundamental effects yet to be discovered. In particular, the regime of the strong light-matter coupling appears in nanostructures with pronounced excitonic resonance placed inside an optical resonator, where hybrid light-matter quasiparticles, known as cavity polaritons, emerge. Polaritonics is a rapidly developing field, however, one aspect in polariton physics, namely, corresponding quantum statistical properties of quasiparticles and resulting quantum correlations, was mainly overlooked up to now. While the matter part of a polariton is represented by an exciton, made from an electron and a hole that obey Fermi statistics, the light part is formed by a cavity photon obeying Bose statistics. Furthermore, adding extra layers to the device, one can bring purely fermionic species – electrons – into play.In the context of the physics of Bose-Fermi mixtures, novel two-dimensional materials – with prominent examples of atomically-thin layers of transition metal dichalcogenides and graphene – combine many desirable properties, from strong optical response to relative simplicity and low cost of preparation, and allow to create the structures consisting of one or several isolated layers hosting particles with different statistics. The interplay between the two conceptually different statistics brings a new twist into the domain of polaritonics, and presents an opportunity for observation of novel quantum collective phases unattainable in other kind of systems. In this project, we will explore how large optical nonlinearities and strong quantum correlations, stemming from the effects of the hybrid quantum statistics, appear in the regime of the strong light-matter coupling. Proposed studies include superfluidity, correlations, drag effects and superconductivity in such multi-layer systems of electrons and polaritons in a microcavity, with the development of specific designs of geometries favorable for the observation of record-high optical nonlinearities, collective quantum transport, and light-assisted superconducting behavior.To achieve the ambitious goals of this project that closely entwines theory and experiment, we bring together a strong German-Russian academic consortium in the field of polaritonics and two-dimensional materials. The international team unites world-leading theoreticians who will build the microscopic theory of solid-state Bose-Fermi mixtures in layered geometries, and unmatched experimental facilities necessary to develop the novel structures and observe the proposed phenomena.

当代凝聚态物理学是当今电子和技术的基础。当与光学相结合时，它代表了现代超快设备的强大平台。与此同时，位于这两个领域边界的多种现象，即固态系统与光强耦合的现象，仍有待探索，并且可能包含尚未发现的基本效应。特别是，强光-物质耦合出现在纳米结构中，在光学谐振器内放置明显的激子共振，在那里混合光-物质准粒子，称为腔极化子，出现。极化电子学是一个迅速发展的领域，然而，在极化物理中，准粒子对应的量子统计性质和由此产生的量子关联，目前主要被忽视。极化子的物质部分由一个激子表示，由一个电子和一个符合费米统计的空穴组成，而光部分则由一个符合玻色统计的空腔光子组成。此外，在设备上增加额外的层，就可以使纯费米子物种——电子——发挥作用。在玻色-费米混合物的物理学背景下，新型二维材料——以过渡金属二硫族化合物和石墨烯的原子薄层为例——结合了许多理想的特性，从强光学响应到相对简单和低制备成本，并允许创建由一个或几个隔离层组成的结构，这些层容纳具有不同统计量的粒子。这两种概念上不同的统计数据之间的相互作用为极化电子学领域带来了新的转折，并为观察在其他类型的系统中无法实现的新型量子集体相提供了机会。在这个项目中，我们将探讨由混合量子统计效应引起的大光学非线性和强量子相关性是如何出现在强光-物质耦合状态中的。提出的研究包括超流动性，相关性，阻力效应和超导性在这种多层系统的电子和微腔极化，与特定的几何设计的发展有利于观察创纪录的高光学非线性，集体量子输运和光辅助超导行为。为了实现这个将理论和实验紧密结合在一起的雄心勃勃的项目目标，我们在极化电子学和二维材料领域汇集了一个强大的德国-俄罗斯学术联盟。国际团队联合了世界领先的理论家，他们将在层状几何结构中建立固体玻色-费米混合物的微观理论，以及开发新结构和观察所提出现象所需的无与伦比的实验设施。