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The effects of above- and below-ground interaction on the productivity in a deciduous broad-leaved forest.

地上和地下相互作用对落叶阔叶林生产力的影响。

基本信息

批准号：
15208014
负责人：
HIURA Tsutomu
金额：
$ 24.71万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1.In this project, we clarified some links among the species diversities of producer, consumer, and decomposer with special reference to the response to environmental gradient for Quercus crispula.2.We carried out the cutting and fertilization experiment in secondary forests to reveal the community-level and ecosystem-level responses to light-nutrient resource gradient. In results, the fertilization accelerated herbivory in Quercus crispula.3.We set up the experimental plots that manipulate the density of earthworm, and examined the density effects on ecosystem function. The fact that high accumulation of litter in the low density plots suggests that the lower density of earthworm would result the lower decomposition rate although nitrogen mineralization rates were not different among manipulations at least during the two years.4.The reconstruction process of species diversity of consumer on the canopy of Quercus crispula was compared between the disturbed canopy by using canopy fogging method and non-disturbed canopy. This experiment suggest that the community of herbivorous insects is converge to single stable equilibrium depend on the quality of a leaf, while the community of detritivorous insects varies depend on the assemblage process of the species (multiple stable equilibria). We also examined the diversity of decomposer community in stands that having different tree species diversity, however, the results suggest that oribatid mite community structure was minimally affected by tree species diversity and associated changes in litter diversity.5.We manipulated fungal diversity by some sterilizations to examine the function of fungal groups by estimating mineralization, decomposition rate and growth rate of some plants. The results suggested that Basidiomycota had higher decomposition ability than Ascomycota, and mycorrhiza on Maianthemum dilatatum contributed to uptake for phosphorous and its growth.

1.阐明了栓皮栎生产者、消费者和分解者的物种多样性之间的联系，特别是对环境梯度的响应。2.通过次生林采伐和施肥试验，揭示了群落水平和生态系统水平对光养分资源梯度的响应。结果表明，施肥促进了栓皮栎的植食性。3.建立了调控密度的试验小区，研究了密度对生态系统功能的影响。低密度样地凋落物积累量高，说明尽管氮矿化速率在两个处理间差异不大，但较低的凋落物密度会导致较低的分解速率。4.采用冠层雾化法比较了干扰和非干扰条件下皱皮栎冠层消费者物种多样性的重建过程。本实验表明，食草性昆虫群落因叶片质量的不同而趋于单一稳定平衡，而食草性昆虫群落则因物种的聚集过程而发生变化（多重稳定平衡）。结果表明，不同树种多样性对甲螨群落结构的影响较小，凋落物多样性的变化对甲螨群落结构的影响也较小。5.采用灭菌法对真菌多样性进行调控，通过对部分植物的矿化作用、分解速率和生长速率的测定，研究真菌类群的功能。结果表明，担子菌门对磷的分解能力强于子囊菌门，而凤尾竹上的菌根有助于其对磷的吸收和生长。