A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIENCE-BASED LEARNING DESIGNED FOR THE CREATION AND UTILIZATION OF KNOWLEDGE

本研究旨在通过对国内外学校的研究，对制造技能和技术发展的教育进行全面的反思，主要集中在制造和体验活动方面。(1)国内的研究包括对初、高中和大学生的问卷调查，对教师和家长的问卷调查，对企业和大学的访谈。它们都是指制造经验和学习。(2)海外研究包括访问北美，欧洲和澳大拉西亚14个国家/地区的学校，学院和培训设施，重点是技术的普通和技术教育。研究结果如下：与大多数国家的技术导向型学习相比，日本的制造业教育由于缺乏整合理念和活动时间而分散和不一致。许多国家在战略上强调技术扫盲和技术技能教育。考虑到所访问国家/地区的最新趋势，我们关注了两个主题：技术和制造业扫盲，以及培养技术人员的高等教育体系。本研究根据研究结果，提出了8项关于日本近期教育的建议。其中包括创建以K-12制造业为中心的新教育计划，创建核心主题“技术”，以及建立旨在培训技术高中技术人员的技术大学。另一个建议是建立当地的技术中心，在那里，所有世代都享受和学习由熟练教师帮助的制造业。

This study aims at a total reconsideration of education for the development of manufacturing skills and technology, mainly focused on manufacturing and experiencing activities through the research of domestic and oversea schools.(1) Domestic research includes questionnaires for junior and senior high school and college students, questionnaires for teachers, and parents, interviews at corporations and universities. They all refers to manufacturing experiences and learning.(2) Oversea research includes visiting schools, colleges and training facilities in 14 countries/area, in North America, Europe, and Australasia, focusing on general and technical education for technology. And manufacturing skills.The research findings are as follows.Manufacturing education in Japan is sporadic and inconsistent due to lack of integrating philosophy and activity time, compared with technology-oriented learning seen in most countries visited. Many countries are strategically emphasizing technology literacy and education for technological skills. Taking recent trends in the countries/area visited, we have paid attention to two topics ; technology and manufacturing literacy, and higher education system for training ‘technologist.',This study, has created 8 propositions on education in the near future Japan, based on the findings obtained through the research. They include the creation of new educational program centered around manufacturing in K-12, creation of a core subject ‘technology' and, establishment of technology university designed for the training on technologists leading from technology high schools. Another proposition is the establishment of local technical centers where all generations enjoy and learn manufacturing aided by skilled instructors.