Molecular Epidemiological Study of Thyroid Disease in Radiation Contaminated Area

在这项研究中，我们小组参与了国际切尔诺贝利组织库项目，该项目储存和管理从切尔诺贝利儿童甲状腺癌组织中提取的核酸，用于研究目的。我们与俄罗斯医学科学院医学放射研究中心（俄罗斯联邦）、白俄罗斯医科大学（白俄罗斯共和国）、乌克兰医学科学院放射医学研究中心（乌克兰）和辐射医学与生态研究所（哈萨克斯坦共和国）开展国际医疗合作。在过去的三年中，我们接受并培训了来自这些合作大学和研究所的18名研究科学家。我们与白俄罗斯戈梅利医科大学建立了远程医疗和远程教育系统，为戈梅利医科大学的医学生授课。我们小组每年还会到戈梅利和明斯克访问三周，负责分子流行病学研究和e-Learning系统。我们分析了从切尔诺贝利儿童甲状腺癌组织中提取的线粒体DNA和基因组DNA，以发现DNA中留下的辐射特征。结果，我们在辐射相关甲状腺癌中发现了线粒体DNA的大量缺失和DNA修复相关基因（包括TP53、ATM和MDM2基因）的独特snp位点。通过本次研究，我们发现了辐射相关甲状腺癌的新发现，促进了国际间的科研和教育交流。我们希望进一步扩大这一领域的研究。

In this study, our group is participating in International Chernobyl Tissue Bank Project, which stocks and manages nuclear acids extracted from Chernobyl childhood thyroid cancer tissues for research purpose. We collaborate international medical care with Medical Radiological Research Centre, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences (Russian Federation), Belarusian Medical University (Republic of Belarus), Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine (Ukraine) and Research Institute for Radiation Medicine and Ecology (Republic of Kazakhstan). We accepted and trained 18 research scientists from these collaboration Universities and Institutes in our institute during last three years. We established telemedicine and teleeducation system between Gomel Medical University (Republic of Belarus) and our institute to give lectures to medical students in Gomel Medical University. Our group also visited Gomel and Minsk for three weeks every year to take the helm on molecular epidemiological study and e-Learning system. We analyzed mitochondria DNA and genomic DNA extracted from Chernobyl childhood thyroid cancer tissues to find radiation signatures left in the DNA. As the results, we found large deletion of mitochondria DNA and unique SNPs sites in DNA repair related genes including TP53, ATM and MDM2 genes in radiation associated thyroid cancers. Through this study, we found new findings of radiation associated thyroid cancer and promoted international exchanges regarding scientific research and educations. We hope further extending studies in this field.