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Development of a Wolter mirror soft X-ray phase contrast microscope for the observation of biological fine structure

开发用于观察生物精细结构的Wolter镜软X射线相差显微镜

基本信息

批准号：
16206007
负责人：
AOKI Sadao
金额：
$ 28.29万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16206007/
关键词：
X-ray microscope phase contrast microscope Wolter mirror soft X-ray phase plate X-ray imaging optics laser-produced plasma biological specimen ウォルターミラー

项目摘要

Development of a soft X-ray phase contrast microscope to observe microstructure of a biological sample.(1) Construction of a high-resolution and a high-magnification optical system.We performed design and production of a high-magnification optical system to get an image of a high-resolution image in real time. In order to shorten the optical system in large magnification we propose a new optics. We arranged two Wolter mirrors by a relay optical system. Two optical axes are not on the same axis. Although the length of the optical system was 2 times, 32 times magnification was obtained. As a result of this improvement, 1,024 times magnification was provided in a laboratory scale. Because the pixel size of an X-ray CCD camera was 24μm, the resolving power of better than 50nm were provided.(2) Observation of a wet sample.SiN film windows (about 500 μ m square) of 0.1,μm thickness were used for the windows of vacuum chambers and wet sample chambers. Wet specimens were sandwiched between two pieces of SiN membranes. We set this sample chamber in the stratum of air of about 2mm thickness. Using the Ta target which emit a continuous spectrum around 3nm in wavelength, we succeeded in taking soft X-ray microscopic images of wet red blood cells of chicken..(3) Construction of a soft X-ray phase contrast microscope.We built a soft X-ray phase contrast microscope to observe a low absorption contrast object. Two kinds of phase plates were prepared, one is a ring plate and the other is a ribbon one. We obtained soft X-ray phase contrast microscopic images of latex spheres(2.8 μ m in diameter). Soft X-rays used were several line spectra around 5nm emitted from Al target.

开发用于观察生物样品微观结构的软X射线相衬显微镜。(1)构建高分辨率、高倍率光学系统。我们设计并制作了高倍率光学系统，以实时获取高分辨率图像。为了缩短大放大倍率下的光学系统，我们提出了一种新的光学器件。我们通过中继光学系统布置了两个沃尔特镜。两个光轴不在同一轴上。尽管光学系统的长度为2倍，但获得了32倍的放大倍率。这一改进的结果是在实验室规模下提供了 1,024 倍的放大倍数。由于X射线CCD相机的像素尺寸为24μm，因此具有优于50nm的分辨率。（2）湿样品的观察。真空室和湿样品室的窗口采用0.1μm厚的SiN薄膜窗口（约500μm见方）。湿样本夹在两片氮化硅膜之间。我们将该样品室设置在厚度约2mm的空气层中。利用发射波长约为3nm的连续光谱的Ta靶，我们成功地拍摄了鸡的湿红细胞的软X射线显微图像。(3)软X射线相差显微镜的构建。我们构建了软X射线相差显微镜来观察低吸收对比物体。制备了两种相位板，一种是环形板，另一种是带状相位板。我们获得了乳胶球（直径2.8μm）的软X射线相衬显微图像。使用的软X射线是从Al靶发出的5nm左右的几个线光谱。