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Development of fuel cell and electrochemical devices using inorganic proton-conducting materials

使用无机质子传导材料开发燃料电池和电化学装置

基本信息

批准号：
16206069
负责人：
NOGAMI Masayuki
金额：
$ 29.12万
依托单位：
Nagoya Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16206069/
关键词：
proton conduction glass sol-gel electrolyte P_9O_5-SiO_2 Sensor

项目摘要

The sol-gel technique is widely used to prepare new functional glasses with new compositions. Our recent researches on the preparation of glasses exhibiting high proton-conductivity and their applications to the electro-devices were ingestigated. P_2O_5-SiO_2 glasses containing some metal oxides were prepared by hydrolysis of their metal alkoxides, followed by heating up to ~600℃. The obtained glasses are porous with pores smaller than few nm in diameter and contain water molecules in pores. The electrical conduction in the glass is related to the dissociation of proton from the hydroxyl bonds and the proton hopping through water molecules. PMA (phosphomolybdic acid) and PWA (phosphotungstic acid) are considered as the most dopants in the sol-gel matrix. A new class of heteropolyacid glass materials yield a high proton conductivities (10-2 S/cm) at room temperature. Though, they exhibit highly attractive fuel cell performance (~22.2 mW/cm^2) and high stability at 30℃ and relative humidity 30 %.Proton conducting phosphate hydrogels are easily derived from the reaction of water with some kinds of metaphosphate glass powders. The hydration breaks the long-chain phosphate structure in the glasses and protons break the cross-links between the chains, resulting in connection to the non-bridging oxygens. Subsequently, water molecules are hydrogen-bonded around the protons. The hydrogels show high conductivities of ~5 mS/cm at room temperature. The high conductivity is suggested to be due to the fast proton transfer promoted by coexistence of large amounts of acidic POH groups and water molecules. A fuel cell prepared using the hydrogel electrolyte generates the high power density of ~160 mW/cm^2. The optimization of the electrode structure is now being investigated. An electric double-layer capacitor (EDC) with capacitance of ~3 F/g can be also prepared by using the hydrogel, which shows low a self-discharge rate and a fast charge/discharge capability.

溶胶-凝胶技术被广泛应用于制备新组成的功能玻璃。介绍了我们近年来在高质子导电性玻璃的制备及其在电子器件中的应用方面所做的研究。通过金属醇盐的水解，在~600℃下加热，制备了含有金属氧化物的P_2O_5-SiO_2玻璃。所得玻璃是多孔的，具有直径小于几nm的孔，并且在孔中含有水分子。玻璃中的导电性与质子从羟基键上的解离以及质子在水分子中的跳跃有关。PMA（磷钼酸）和PWA（磷钨酸）被认为是溶胶-凝胶基质中最主要的掺杂剂。新型杂多酸玻璃材料在室温下具有很高的质子电导率（10- 2S/cm）。尽管如此，它们仍表现出非常有吸引力的燃料电池性能（~22.2 mW/cm^2）和在30℃和相对湿度30%下的高稳定性。水合作用破坏了玻璃中的长链磷酸盐结构，质子破坏了链之间的交联，导致与非桥接氧的连接。随后，水分子在质子周围形成氢键。水凝胶在室温下显示出约5 mS/cm的高电导率。高电导率被认为是由于大量酸性POH基团和水分子共存促进了快速质子转移。使用水凝胶电解质制备的燃料电池产生约160 mW/cm^2的高功率密度。目前正在研究电极结构的优化。还可以通过使用该水凝胶制备电容为~ 3F/g的双电层电容器（EDC），其显示出低的自放电速率和快速充/放电能力。