A Study on Higher Education Policy and Financing

面对高等教育环境的急剧变化，有必要对高等教育的融资问题进行探讨。另外，很少有关于谁应该支付高等教育成本的实证研究。从“教育经济学”的角度出发，旨在阐明制定高等教育政策的若干条件。我们的研究主要集中在以下两点。私立大学的经济和教育状况如何？家庭收入和学费负担如何导致大学教育机会的差异？得到了以下主要结果：(1)民办大学募集的捐款和承销收入越多，民办大学的办学条件越好。(2)随着高等教育大众化的发展，国立大学与私立大学的办学条件差异越来越小。奖学金学生打工挣的钱和普通学生一样多。奖学金学生家庭的教育费用低于普通家庭。(2)由于家庭收入的不同，进入名牌大学的机会仍然存在很大差异。(3)研究生的平均生活方式与奖学金的扩大所带来的富裕程度的增加相对应。

In terms of drastic environmental changes of higher education, it is necessary to discuss financing aspects. Otherwise, there is few positive studies such that who should pay the cost of higher education in the society. From the view point of "Economics of Education", we aim to clarify some conditions to make policy on higher education. Our research focuses on two important points as follows.1. How are economic and educational conditions of private universities?2. How are differences in Opportunity for College Education arising from Family Income and the Burden of Fees?The following main results are obtained.1.(1) The more donations and underwriting income private universities raise, the better educational conditions are obtained by private universities.(2) The differences in educational conditions between national universities and private universities have been becoming smaller on the development of mass higher education.2.(1) Scholarship students earn as much money as ordinary students by part-time jobs. And the educational expenses of scholarship students' families are less than ordinary families.(2) Access to prestigious universities continues to show big differences due to family income.(3) The average graduate student's life-style corresponds to increased affluence by the expand of scholarship.