A Study on the Cost-Effectiveness of In-House Education in the Computerized-, High-Talent- and Highly-Aged-Soceity

在这项研究中，我们调查了制造业内部教育的成本和效果。我们通过问卷调查的方法测算了学校内部教育的成本，并尝试了基于“后学校投资”的模式。主要研究结果如下：1.根据劳动省的调查估计，1985年日本企业的内部教育总成本为每年6400亿日元。我们在问卷中不仅询问了内部教育的直接成本，还询问了机会成本。研究结果表明：(1)包括劳动部S调查休假在内，企业内部教育总直接成本是劳动部调查估计的1.7倍；(2)包括间接成本在内，是劳动部调查估计的16.7倍。基于“后学校投资”模型的理论估算表明，制造业的人均间接成本为36万日元，与上述问卷法估算的29.3万日元非常接近。这些结果表明，1988年日本所有企业的内部教育成本总额约为每年14.47万亿日元。这一数字相当于国民生产总值的4%。从教育成本的角度来看，在日本企业的内部教育中，有一种趋势是OJT更加重要。

In this research, we investigated the cost and effectiveness of in-house education pursued In manufacturing industries. We estimated the cost of in-house education by means of the questionnaire method, and also tried it based on the "Post school investment" model. Main results are as follows.1. The estimation, based on the survey of Ministry of Labor, carried out the result that the total cost of in-house education in 1985 was 640 billion yen a year in Japanese enterprises.2. We asked not only direct cost but also opportunity cost of in-house education on our questionnaires. The results are, (1) including some other categories Ministry of Labor' s survey leave, total direct cost of in-house education is 1.7 times as much as that estimated by Ministry of Labor's survey, and farther, (2)including indirect costs, it is 16.7-times amount.3. The theoretical estimation based on the "post school investment" model shows that the indirect cost per head in manufacturing industries is 360 thousand yen, which is very close to the cost 293 thousand yen estimated by above questionnaire method.4. These results tell that the total of in-house education cost of all enterprise in Japan would be about 14,470 billion yen a year in 1988. This figure is equivalent to 4% of GNP.5. There is a tendency such that OJT is more important in Japanese enterprises' in-house education from the view point of educational cost.