FORMATION OF THE BUDDHIST CAVE TEMPLE

佛教石窟寺的形成

• 批准号: 10410093
• 负责人: KUWAYAMA Shoshin
• 金额: $ 7.3万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10410093/
• 关键词: CAVE HONASTERY; BUDDHISM; CHINA; CENTRAL ASIA; INDIA; ARCHITECTURE; 名窟

1. The main aim of this project is to try to understand the cave monastery as reflecting an overall image of a certain historical society in association with various disciplines of the humanities. It also stand on the criticism of those who deal with cave monasteries as local cultural unity.2. In parallel with digitalizing the black/white photographs of cave temples and the color photographs of the mural paintings in Afghanistan such as Bamiyan, Foladeh, Kakrak . and Fil Khana, the structure of caves in Bamiyan was successfully analyzed in comparison with those in Kucha and other Cental Asian examples.3. The overall architectural reassessment of the Taxila Buddhist monaseries has been set out typologically reexamining the masonries of each cult building in relation to the general planning of monasteries. The work seems successful for a chronological rearrangement of Buddhist activities throughout ages especially in the visual aspect of temple, and for a better understanding of general development of monastic life.4. The date of the colossi in Bamiyan has variously been given without firm ground of evidence. This grant-in-aid project has made it possible to get access to all of the Chinese and Muslim literary sources and therefore a historical circumstance of Bamiyan has potentially emerged from such evidence. This has facilitated a new date for Bamiyan, which is published together with other important things in a separate booklet.

1. 这个项目的主要目的是试图理解洞穴修道院作为一个与人文学科相关的历史社会的整体形象。它也站在批评那些处理洞穴寺院作为地方文化统一。与此同时，对阿富汗巴米扬、Foladeh、Kakrak等地洞穴寺庙的黑白照片和壁画的彩色照片进行数字化处理。和Fil Khana，巴米扬的洞穴结构与库车和其他中亚的例子进行了成功的分析。塔克西拉佛教寺院的整体建筑重新评估已经开始类型学地重新检查与寺院总体规划相关的每个邪教建筑的砌体。这项工作似乎成功地按时间顺序重新安排了各个时代的佛教活动，特别是在寺庙的视觉方面，并更好地理解了僧侣生活的总体发展。关于巴米扬巨像的年代，人们给出了各种各样的说法，但没有确凿的证据。这个资助项目使人们有可能接触到所有的中国和穆斯林文学资料，因此，巴米扬的历史情况有可能从这些证据中浮现出来。这有助于确定巴米扬的新日期，该日期与其他重要事项一起在单独的小册子中出版。

项目成果

桑山正進: "Decline of Gandhara"Aspects of Gandhara Buddhism, Toronto, 1999.. 1-23 (1999)

Masanobu Kuwayama：“犍陀罗的衰落”犍陀罗佛教的各个方面，多伦多，1999.. 1-23 (1999)

Kuwayama Shoshin: "The Mofa or the End-period of the Dharma : An Echo of the Hephthalite Destruction of Gandharan Buddhism? (Read by Ku Chengmei in place of the author at the International Conference entitled Buddhism and Buddhist Art of the Tang Period,

桑山正信：《末法或佛法的末期：犍陀罗佛教的巽他氏破坏的回响？》（在题为“佛教与唐代佛教艺术”的国际会议上，谷成美代作者宣读，

桑山正進: "The Kaniska Stupa in the Chinese Texts : Translation and Commentary"『世界文化と佛教』山田明爾編,永田文昌堂. 35-73

桑山正信：《中国文本中的迦尼斯卡佛塔：翻译与评论》，《世界文化与佛教》，山田昭夫主编，永田文书堂，35-73。

Kuwayama Shoshin: "Decline of Gandhara : Chinese Evidence (Read at the International Conference entitled The Buddhism of Gandhara"An Interdisciplinary Approch, held at the McMaster/Toronto Universities between 9th and 11th May,1999).

桑山正信：《犍陀罗的衰落：中国证据》（在 1999 年 5 月 9 日至 11 日在麦克马斯特/多伦多大学举行的题为《犍陀罗佛教》跨学科方法的国际会议上阅读）。

Kuwayama Shoshin: "Historical Notes on Kapisi and Kabul in the Sixth-Eighth Centuries"Zinbun : Annals of the Institute for Research in Humanities, Kyoto University. 34, Part 1. 25-27

桑山正信：《六至八世纪卡比西和喀布尔的历史笔记》珍文：京都大学人文研究所年鉴。