Controlling soil hydraulic conductivity with the control of microbial activity

通过控制微生物活动来控制土壤导水率

• 批准号: 10556049
• 负责人: MIYAZAKI Tsuyoshi
• 金额: $ 2.37万
• 依托单位: THE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10556049/
• 关键词: Microbial effect; Hydraulic conductivity; Pore structure; Atomic Froce Microscopy (AFM); Clogging; Pore size; Methane; 目詰まり; 微生物コントロール; 透水係数; 原子間力顕微鏡; 土粒子

This research aims at developing a technique to control water permeability of soils to required values by multiplying the microbe in soil or making it decrease. In a model experiment, hydraulic conductivity changes of the glass beads of different diameters were measured. Hydraulic conductivity at the upper layer decreased more rapidly for smaller particle diameter beads, because the nutrient was mainly consumed at the upper layer resulting in less nutrient at the lower layer. In on-site measurement at Bibai peatland in Hokkaido District, methane gas produced by bacteria is accumulated in the ground. To simulate this methane producing process, a laboratory column experiment was conducted. When the groundwater level was lowered by 10cm, the redox potential at the 5cm depth decreased to less than -150mV at 6 day after the start of percolation. As a result, a lot of methane emission into the atmosphere was observed. Based on the result of the above experiment and on-site measurement a mathematical model explaining the hydraulic conductivity decrease by microbial activity was built. The difference in particle diameter influences microbial growth rate and a colony formation phenomenon was expalined by this model.

本研究旨在开发一种通过增加或降低土壤微生物数量来控制土壤透水性的技术。在模型试验中，测定了不同粒径玻璃微珠的渗透系数变化。对于较小粒径的珠粒，上层的导水率下降得更快，因为营养物质主要在上层消耗，导致下层的营养物质较少。在北海道地区的Bibai泥炭地的现场测量中，细菌产生的甲烷气体积聚在地下。为了模拟该产甲烷过程，进行了实验室柱实验。当地下水位下降10 cm时，5cm处的氧化还原电位在渗滤开始后第6天下降到-150mV以下。结果，观察到大量甲烷排放到大气中。根据上述试验结果和现场实测结果，建立了微生物活动导致导水率降低的数学模型。颗粒直径的差异影响微生物的生长速率，并通过该模型解释了菌落形成现象。

项目成果

"Features of soil physical profiles generated by accumulation processes and anthropogenic effects -Soil physical properties of Bibai peat land (I)-"Journal of the Japanese Society of Soil Physics. in press.

《堆积过程和人为影响产生的土壤物理剖面的特征-美白泥炭地的土壤物理性质(I)-》日本土壤物理学会会刊。

J.Zhuang,G.Yu,T.Miyazaki,K.Nakayam: "Advances in Geoecology 32, Subsoil Compaction"Catena Verlag GMBH(分担執筆). 462 (2000)

J. Zhuang、G. Yu、T​​. Miyazaki、K. Nakayam：“地质生态学进展 32，地下压实”Catena Verlag GMBH（撰稿人）462（2000 年）。

宮崎毅(共著): "豊かな土づくりをめざして-環境土壌学-" 農業土木学会, 186 (1998)

Tsuyoshi Miyazaki（共同作者）：“旨在创造肥沃的土壤 - 环境土壤科学”日本农业和土木工程师学会，186（1998）

井本博美,宮毅毅,斉藤広隆,中野政詩: "泥炭土の透水性および保水性について-美唄湿原地帯の土壌物理性(II)-"土壌の物理性. (印刷中). (2001)

Hiromi Imoto、Takeki Miya、Hirotaka Saito、Masashi Nakano：“关于泥炭土的渗透性和保水性-美白湿地地区的土壤物理性质（II）-”土壤物理性质（2001）。

"Permeability and water retentivity of peat soil -Soil physical properties of Bibai Peat land (II)-"Journal of the Japanese Society of Soil Physics. in press.

《泥炭土的渗透性和保水性-美白泥炭地的土壤物理性质（II）-》日本土壤物理学会会刊。