权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Effects of soil physical properties in deep vadose zone on the transport phenomena of mass and energy.

深渗流带土壤物理性质对质量和能量输运现象的影响

基本信息

批准号：
13460103
负责人：
MIYAZAKI Tsuyoshi
金额：
$ 9.86万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13460103/
关键词：
Deep Soils Physical Properties of Soils Wett Lands Methane Emission Zero Flux Plane (ZFP)Rain Water Percolation Hydraulic Conductivity Vadose Zone 土壌の物理性メタン雨水浸透処理沖積土地温ガス微生物土壌構造

项目摘要

The transport phenomena of mass and energy in deep soils, where the direct effects of climate changes and human activities on the ground surface hardly reach in a short time, have serious influence on both local and global natural environments. Researches on this issue, however, have been poorly improved, because the transport phenomena in deep soils have been dealt with in the border area among such fields as groundwater engineering, geology, soil mechanics, soil science, hydrology, and agricultural engineering. This study aimed to clarify the transport phenomena of mass and energy in deep soils by using both experimental and field studies.Five outcomes of this study are emphasized as follows :1.Gas Phases, such as CO2 and CH4, in deep zones of a wet land were detected both in a field and in a soil column. The importance of gas discharge by the outburst rather than by the molecular diffusion was dearly verified.2.Zero flux plane (ZEP) of soil water were detected through both experiments and simulations for the first time. The abrupt disappearance of the downward-shifting ZFP and subsequent upward soil water flow from deep soil zone was reported for the first time in this study.3.Rain water percolation in deep soil zone was analyzed to evaluate the excess water holding capacity in the vadose zone to design the buried water container underground. The modified formula from Guelf permeameter method was effectively applied.4.Mixing of grass fragment generated from waste and byproducts into soils were effective to maintain the high water permeability of intensively compacted soils in such a field like high school ground.5.A bio-venting technique was applied to re mediate contaminated deep zone soils by oil-like materials. The difference of the contact areas of microbes and ventilated air in soils affected to the remediation efficiency.

在气候变化和人类活动对地表的直接影响难以在短时间内到达的深层土壤中，物质和能量的传输现象对局部和全球自然环境都有严重的影响。然而，由于地下水工程、地质学、土力学、土壤学、水文学、农业工程等多学科对深层土壤中运移现象的研究处于边缘地带，对这一问题的研究还很薄弱。本研究旨在通过实验和现场研究来阐明深层土壤中质量和能量的输运现象。重点强调了本研究的五大成果：在田间和土壤柱中都检测到了湿地深层的气相，如CO2和CH4。突出放气比分子扩散放气更重要。通过实验和模拟，首次探测到土壤水分的零通量面（Zero flux plane， ZEP）。2 .本研究首次报道了向下移动的ZFP突然消失以及随后从深层土壤带向上移动的土壤水流。分析了深层土壤区雨水渗流，评价了渗透区超额持水量，设计了地下埋置水容器。从圭尔夫渗透率法得到的修正公式得到了有效的应用。在高中场地这样的场地中，将废弃物和副产品产生的草屑混合到土壤中可以有效地保持密集压实土壤的高透水性。采用生物通风技术，利用类油质材料修复深部污染土壤。土壤中微生物与通风空气接触面积的差异对修复效果有影响。