Isolation of flower and fruit formation determination gene using the floral mutant, and use to horticultural production

利用花突变体分离花果形成决定基因，并用于园艺生产

• 批准号: 11460010
• 负责人: KANAYAMA Yoshinori
• 金额: $ 9.73万
• 依托单位: Tohoku University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11460010/
• 关键词: flower; fruit; tomato; MADS box gene; flower organ; LEAFY; 花芽形成; 果実形成; AP1

Tomato floral mutant, Leafy inflorescence (lfi), does not develop a flower but indeterminant inflorescences with vegetative leaves and leaf-like organs. Many vegetative meristem-like primodia were successively differentiated in immature inflorescences of lfi plants. However, the fusion of inflorescence shoots was observed in developed lfi inflorescences. In addition, the leaf-like organs occasionally developed into fleshy fruit-like bodies. These characteristics suggest that the lfi inflorescence have a potential to form carpels. lfi plants also showed a late-flowering phenotype. When floral identity genes, TOFL and TDR4, were cloned by RT-PCR, a 12-bp deletion was observed in TOFL cDNA from lfi plants. The deletion was in a region highly conserved among several LFY/FLO homologues, suggesting the deletion resulted in lfi phenotype. The expression of flower organ identity genes, TDR5, TDR6, and TAG1, was inhibited in lfi inflorescences, suggesting the important role of TOFL in the induction of flower organ identity genes. However, those genes were also expressed during development of fleshy fruit-like bodies. Thus, there is the other pathway to induce the flower organ identity genes.

番茄花型突变体多叶花序（Leafy inflorescence，lfi）不发育花，但发育不定花序，具有营养叶和叶状器官。在lfi植株的未成熟花序中相继分化出许多营养分生组织样原基。然而，在发育的lfi花序中观察到花序芽的融合。此外，叶状器官偶尔发育成肉质果实状的身体。这些特征表明lfi花序具有形成心皮的潜力。LFI植物也显示出晚开花表型。用RT-PCR方法克隆了TOFL和TDR 4基因，发现TOFL基因在lfi植株的cDNA中有12个碱基的缺失。该缺失位于LFY/FLO同源基因高度保守的区域，表明该缺失导致了lfi表型。花器官特征基因TDR 5、TDR 6和TAG 1在lfi花序中的表达受到抑制，表明TOFL在诱导花器官特征基因中的重要作用。然而，这些基因也在肉质果实状体的发育过程中表达。因此，有另一条诱导花器官特性基因的途径。

项目成果

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K,Kikuchi: "Effect of seedling age, photoperiod and temperature on bolting and inflorescence quality in Delphinium"Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science. 69・4. 446-448 (2000)

K，Kikuchi：“幼龄、光周期和温度对飞燕草抽苔和花序质量的影响”日本园艺学会杂志 69・4（2000）。

Y.Kanayama: "Purification and characterization of nitrale reductasec from nodule cytosol of soybean plants"Physiologia Plantarum. 105. 396-401 (1999)

Y.Kanayama：“大豆植物根瘤胞质中硝基还原酶的纯化和表征”Physiologia Plantarum。

Y. Suzuki, Y. Kanayama, K. Shiratake, S. Yamaki: "Vacuolar H+-pyrophosphatase purified from pear fruit"Phytochemistry. 50(4). 535-539 (1999)

Y. Suzuki、Y. Kanayama、K. Shiratake、S. Yamaki：“从梨果实中纯化的液泡 H-焦磷酸酶”植物化学。

Y.suzuko, Y.kanayama et al.: "Fructose content and fructose-related enzyme activity during the fruit development of apple and Japanese pear"Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science. 70・1. 16-20 (2001)

Y.suzuko，Y.kanayama 等：“苹果和日本梨果实发育过程中的果糖含量和果糖相关酶活性”日本园艺学会杂志70・1（2001）。