Evaluation of forest clear cutting effects on hydrological cycle and material cycle in a watershed

流域森林砍伐对水文循环和物质循环的影响评价

• 批准号: 11460063
• 负责人: SUZUKI Masakazu
• 金额: $ 8.9万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1999 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11460063/
• 关键词: Paired Watershed Method; Clear cutting; Water budget; Material Cycling; Water quality generation; SiO_2

A paired watershed method experiment has been conducted in Fukuroyama Experimental Watershed in University Forest in Chiba, the University of Tokyo. Watershed A and B are both approximately 1ha in catchment area and have been covered a 70-years-old mixed stand of Cryptomeria japonica and Chamaecyparis obtuse stand. All trees in the watershed B were cut and yarded by cable system from February to April in 1999. Effects of clear-cut on environmental factors detected within three years by this experiment are as follows:1) Increase in discharge water in watershed B is 250-300 mm/yr which caused by decreasing in evapotranspiration after cutting.2) Increase in concentration of nitrate nitrogen in stream water is detected from several months after cutting. Concentration in nitrate nitrogen is still higher than the control watershed.3)Sediment discharge from clear-cut watershed shows no remarkable change compared with the control watershed.4)Soil moisture in lower slope in clear-cut watershed is in wetter condition, however relatively dry in shallow layer in ridge.5)Soil temperature in clear-cut watershed is increased by incoming solar radiation after cutting.6)Soil respiration in clear-cut watershed is apparently increased, however the extent of changes can be explained by increase in soil temperature increase.

在东京大学千叶的大学森林中的尾尾山实验流域进行了配对流域法实验。流域A和流域B的集水面积均约为1公顷，已覆盖70年生的柳杉和扁柏混交林。流域B内的所有树木均于1999年2月至4月通过电缆系统进行砍伐和码场。在3年内，皆伐对环境因子的影响表现为：1）皆伐后流域B的排水量增加250-300 mm/a，这是由于皆伐后蒸散量减少所致; 2）皆伐后几个月内，流域内的硝态氮浓度增加。结果表明：（1）退耕还林后，土壤硝态氮含量仍高于对照流域;（2）退耕还林后，土壤硝态氮含量仍高于对照流域;（3）退耕还林后，流域输沙量与对照流域相比无显著变化;（4）退耕还林后，下坡土壤水分状况较湿润，5）采伐迹地土壤温度随采伐后太阳辐射的增加而升高; 6）采伐迹地土壤呼吸作用随采伐后太阳辐射的增加而增强;切割流域明显增加，但变化的程度可以解释为土壤温度升高的增加。

项目成果

白木克繁, 執印康裕, 太田猛彦ほか: "東京大学農学部附属千葉演習林袋山沢水文試験地の水収支解析"東京大学農学部演習林報告. 102. 71-86 (1999)

Katsushige Shiraki、Yasuhiro Shiin、Takehiko Ota 等人：《东京大学农学院附属千叶实验林 Fukuro Yamasawa 水文实验场的水平衡分析》东京大学农学院实验林的报告。 102. 71-86（1999）

蔵治光一郎: "森林流域における渇水時流出量の年々変動に関わる降水量指標の検討"水工学論文集. 44(印刷中). (2000)

Koichiro Kuraji：“与森林盆地干旱径流年波动相关的降水指标研究”，水利工程学杂志，44（出版中）。

蔵治光一郎, 芝野博文: "大学演習林試験流域における水文観測"水文水資源学会誌. 14(6). 489-498 (2001)

Koichiro Kuraji，Hirofumi Shibano：“大学森林实验盆地的水文观测”日本水文水资源学会杂志14（6）（2001）。

Kuraji, K., Shibano, H.: "Hydrological Observations in Experimental watersheds of University Forests in Japan"Jounr. Japan Soc. Hydrol. & Water Rerour.. 14(6). 489-498 (2001)

Kuraji, K., Shibano, H.：“日本大学森林实验流域的水文观测”

Naiyanan AriyaKanon,Masakazu Suzuki: "Sixty year decreasing trend of bare land in Shirasaka watershed,University Forest in Aichi rerealed by aerial photography"演習林報告. 103(印刷中). (2000)

Naiyanan AriyaKanon，Masakazu Suzuki：“通过航空摄影再现白坂流域裸露土地六十年的减少趋势”，练习森林报告103（出版中）。