Study on the evolutionary processes of hormone-dependent water movement

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Although more genomic data are needed, it is suggested that a duplicated AQP0 might be the ancestor gene for AQP2, AQP5, and AQPa2. A current scenario is that AQP0 had arisen early in vertebrate evolution, and a gene duplication event then generated a AQP0 paralogue, prior to the divergence of the actinopterygian lineage and sarcopterygian lineage giving rise to tetrapods. Before the emergence of anuran amphibians, the AQP0 paralogue evolved to kidney-type AQP2 and AQP5, undergoing a tandem gene duplication. The resultant FAIM2-(AQP2, AQP5)-RACGAP1 gene linkage was basically inherited to contemporary tetrapods (Ensembl). Within the amphibian lineage to anurans, kidney-type AQP2 further underwent local gene duplications between FAIM2 and RACGAP1, leading to the occurrence of ventral skin-type and urinary bladder-type AQPa2 genes.