Tissue engineered periodontal regenerations on replanted tooth and artificial tooth

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The aims of this study were to extend the regeneration of periodontal tissues in the denuded roots of replanted teeth and in the artificial roots of teeth. Recombinant human BMP-2 was combined with fibrous collagen membrane(FCM)as reported(FCM/BMP). As a replanting system, premolars of beagle dogs were carefully extracted and treated. Before replantation, their periodontal ligaments(PL)and cementum were partially removed and were covered with FCM/BMP.Although the characteristic perpendicular collagen fibers were histologially observed between the newly formed cementum and alveolar bone, extent of regeneration was limited, often accompanied by ankyosis and resorption of roots. Then we devised a artificial root system, in which a titanium rod was surrounded by titanium-fiber mesh(TM-TR). This device(TM-TR)effectively induced layered bone(cementum-like tissue)within the Ti-mesh, when combined with rhBMP-2 and implanted into rat skin. Two other BMP-carriers, honeycomb hydroxyapatite and CPSA bioglass fibers were developed. In order to prevent ankylosis, we also devised laser-perforated collagen membrane. Together with new artificial teeth and new BMP carrier devices, dental implant with periodontal ligaments became ready-to-test stage of development.