Reconstruction of periodontal tissues by BMP combined with functional fibrous collagen membrane

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We have previously establish a system of ectopic chondrogenesis and osteogenesis by using bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and various kind of carriers. We found that BMP-induced cell-differentiation is highly dependent on the nature of these carriers. These BMP-carriers were classified into three types : fiber-, particle-and block-types. (1) The fiber-type includes fibrous collagen membrane (FCM) and fibrous glass membrane (FGM). (2) The particle-type : collagen beads, porous particles of hydroxyapatite (PPHAP) and solid particles of hydroxyapatite, and (3) the block-type : porous blocks of hydroxyapatite and honeycomb-shaped hydroxyapatite. By FCM carrier, we could regenerate not only alveolar bone but also cementum and periodontal membrane in cat. Furthermore, we found a strong synergistic effect between rhBMP-2 and S300 BMP.Half of the minimum effective amount of the BMPs cocktail (30 ug) which was combined with 10 mg of collagen beads as a carrier did not induce detectable bone formation. Also, 1.2 ug of rhBMP-2 (gifted from Yamanouchi Co.) did not induce detectable bone. However, 20 ug of BMPs cocktail, 1.2 ug of rhBMP2 and 10 mg of collagen beads were combined, prominent bone formation (2 IU of ALP and 3.5 mg of calcium per implant) were observed at 2 weeks after implantation. The results indicated that certain component (s) in the BMPs cocktail possessed a potent synergistic effect with rhBMP-2. Above results will open a new avenue of clinical application of BMP for periodontal regeneration.