Importance of Multi-phosphate Lipid for Regulating the Initiator of Gene replication.

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Most of biolipids are comprised of a single hydrophilic group and double alkyl chains. Besides these typical lipids, one can find out a four-chained lipid with a double hydrophilic head, cardiolipin (CL). The double structure in CL is apparently redundant for physicochemically stabilizing bilayer membrane itself. However, it has been recently reported hat the double structure can be used as a genetic factor for DnaA protein, the initiator of DNA replication of Escherichia coli. It seems for us to be a key to bridge the two phosphates by a glycerol unit in CL.Through systematically synthesizing various double phosphate lipids, herein we show that cooperative action by the two phosphate groups possessing somewhat hydrophobic property on membrane would play a crucial role for interaction with DnaA protein. For generalizing the role of the double phosphate form in lipid, we also find that the double phosphate lipid has influence over the conformation and activity of Cyt.c, not only on the DnaA protein. In the case of the protein binding, the hydroxy group in the bridge is a key group for activating the enzymes, In this study, we conclude that the double head bridging a glycerol is quite instrumental for the enzyme activation.