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Environmental Culture in Ryukyu Kingdom

琉球王国的环境文化

基本信息

批准号：
14350334
负责人：
TAKAHASHI Yasuo
金额：
$ 8.26万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14350334/
关键词：
Shosho-Hakkei "Ten Special Places and Things"Environmental Culture Ryukyu City Priest Nisshu Naha Naminoue 首里東苑

项目摘要

The concepts of both "hakkei" as derived from Shosho-Hakkei and "jikkyo" ("Ten Special Places and Things") had reached Ryukyu by the mid-fifteenth century. The fact that the work "Hakkei Shijo" had been sent from Korea, and as can be seen in "Chuzan-Hakkei-ki," it is clear that "hakkei" and "jikkyo" were important modes of discourse between the countries in the greater cultural sphere centered on the East China Sea (including China, the Korean peninsula, Ryukyu and Japan). The saint Taichu Ryojo, a monk of the Jodo sect, arrived in Ryukyu in 1603 to compose a collection of Chinese verse based on "hakkei." This was inspired by the Shosho-Hakkei. From textural sources we can ascertain that this was the first "hakkei" which derived from "Shosho-Hakkei" in terms of selection and topic.Hu Ching arrived from China in 1633 and wrote Ryukyu-ki which recorded the impressive scenery of Ryukyu. Hu Ching spoke regarding the various views of Chuzan. He gave each a distinct name such as "The Sound of Waves," "Long Rainbow," or "Stone Bamboo Shoot." With each appellation symbolizing the characteristics of each view of Chuzan, Hu Ching was able to give particular memory to each scene. Hu Ching was able to put words to scenery and was known as a "granter of scenery." In 1683, the envoy Wang Chi did much work, including applying both the "Chuzan Hakkei" and "Shuri Hakkei" to the urban scenery of Ryukyu. Wang Chi constitutes an important personage in terms of Ryukyu's urban cultural history.

源自正书八景的“hakkei”和“jikkyo”（“十个特殊的地方和事物”）的概念在十五世纪中叶传入琉球。《八景四条》这部作品是从韩国寄来的，从《中山八景记》中可以看出，“八景”和“实教”是以东海为中心的大文化圈（包括中国、朝鲜半岛、琉球和日本）各国之间的重要话语模式。净土宗僧人太中良城于1603年抵达琉球，以“八经”为基础创作了一部中国诗文集。这是受到 Shosho-Hakkei 的启发。从文献资料可以看出，这是第一部“八景”，其选材和题材均源自《正书八景》。胡靖于1633年从中国来到这里，撰写了《琉球记》，记录了琉球的壮丽景色。胡庆谈到了中山的各种看法。他给每一个都起了一个独特的名字，比如“涛声”、“长虹”或“石笋”。每个称谓都象征着中山每种景观的特点，胡晶能够对每个场景赋予特定的记忆。胡靖能言景，被誉为“赐景者”。 1683年，使者王炽做了很多工作，包括将“中山八景”和“首里八景”应用于琉球的城市景观。王炽是琉球城市文化史上的重要人物。