Preparations and specific properties of electroconductive films by electrodeposition at the interface between two liquid phases

在特定的实验条件下，可以在两液相界面电沉积得到薄的导电膜。本研究的目的是建立界面电解法制备导电薄膜的方法，并对薄膜的特性进行分析。2002年，我们发现薄膜在界面生长时，界面会发生振动，这一现象导致了薄膜中生长波纹的产生。在外加电压尽可能低的情况下，获得了表面平坦的铜膜。2003年，我们考察了沿界面制备单向聚吡咯薄膜的实验条件，并成功地制备了薄膜。薄膜的电导率不均匀：其生长方向的电导率高于垂直方向的电导率。此外，还研究了界面张力与界面生长的关系：界面张力随着生长的进行而降低，表明在生长前沿附近溶质组分的浓度降低。所得钴膜的形貌看起来像孔雀的羽毛。以水溶液和比水溶液重的有机液体为两液相，尝试了锌的电沉积法。在这种情况下，当使用水溶液和比水溶液更轻的有机液体时，界面处会形成电沉积，但薄膜更有利于薄膜的生长。根据这些结果，我们可以建立导电薄膜的制备方法，并研究薄膜的特性。

Under specialized experimental conditions, thin electoroconductive films can be obtained by electodeposition at the two-liquid-phase interface. The purpose of this study is to establish the preparing method of electroconductive films by the electrolysis at the interface and to analyze the specific properties of the films.In 2002, we found that the interface vibrated when the film grew at the interface and this phenomenon resulted in the generation of growth ripples in the film. A copper film with a flat surface was obtained when an applied voltage was as low as possible.In 2003, we surveyed the experimental conditions for preparing one-directionally polypyrrole film along the interface and succeeded in preparing the film. Electric conductivity of the film was not homogeneous : Its conductivity in the growth direction is higher than that in the vertical direction. In addition, the relation between interfacial tension and interfacial growth was investigated : Interfacial tension decreased with the growth, showing that the concentration of the solute component decreases near the growth front.In 2004, the experimental conditions for preparing the film of cobalt were surveyed. The morphology of the cobalt film obtained looked like a peacock's feather. Electrodeposition of zinc was tried when an aqueous solution and an organic liquid heavier than aqueous solution were used as two liquid phases. In this case, an electrodeposit grew at the interface but filmy growth was favored when an aqueous solution and an organic liquid lighter than aqueous solution were used.From these results, we could establish the method for preparing conductive films and investigate specific properties of the films.