Preparations and specific properties of electroconductive films by electrodeposition at the interface between two liquid phases

在特定的实验条件下，可以在双液相界面上通过电沉积获得导电薄膜。2002年，我们发现在界面处生长薄膜时，界面会发生振动，这种现象导致薄膜中生长波纹的产生。2003年，我们考察了沿界面沿着方向制备聚吡咯薄膜的实验条件，并成功地制备了聚吡咯薄膜。薄膜的电导率分布不均匀，沿生长方向的电导率高于垂直方向的电导率。此外，还研究了界面张力与界面生长的关系：界面张力随生长而减小，表明在生长前沿附近溶质组分浓度降低。所获得的钴膜的形貌看起来像孔雀的羽毛。当使用水溶液和比水溶液重的有机液体作为两个液相时，尝试了锌的电沉积。在这种情况下，电沉积物在界面处生长，但当使用水溶液和比水溶液轻的有机液体时，薄膜生长是有利的。

Under specialized experimental conditions, thin electoroconductive films can be obtained by electodeposition at the two-liquid-phase interface. The purpose of this study is to establish the preparing method of electroconductive films by the electrolysis at the interface and to analyze the specific properties of the films.In 2002, we found that the interface vibrated when the film grew at the interface and this phenomenon resulted in the generation of growth ripples in the film. A copper film with a flat surface was obtained when an applied voltage was as low as possible.In 2003, we surveyed the experimental conditions for preparing one-directionally polypyrrole film along the interface and succeeded in preparing the film. Electric conductivity of the film was not homogeneous : Its conductivity in the growth direction is higher than that in the vertical direction. In addition, the relation between interfacial tension and interfacial growth was investigated : Interfacial tension decreased with the growth, showing that the concentration of the solute component decreases near the growth front.In 2004, the experimental conditions for preparing the film of cobalt were surveyed. The morphology of the cobalt film obtained looked like a peacock's feather. Electrodeposition of zinc was tried when an aqueous solution and an organic liquid heavier than aqueous solution were used as two liquid phases. In this case, an electrodeposit grew at the interface but filmy growth was favored when an aqueous solution and an organic liquid lighter than aqueous solution were used.From these results, we could establish the method for preparing conductive films and investigate specific properties of the films.