Tending methods for useful tree species invaded into unmanaged plantations and improving CO2 fixation capacity

侵入无管理人工林的有用树种的抚育方法和提高二氧化碳固定能力

• 批准号: 14360078
• 负责人: KOIKE Takayoshi
• 金额: $ 9.09万
• 依托单位: Hokkaido University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2002 至 2004
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14360078/
• 关键词: canopy photosynthesis; photoinhibition; chlorophyll and nitrogen; year-to-year variation; CO_2 diffusion resistance; Specific leaf mass; deciduous tree species; CO_2 saturation; 不成績造林地; 侵入広葉樹; 光合成・蒸散機能; 窒素利用効率; クロロフィル組成; 窒素負荷量; バイオマス; 光順化

Photosynthetic characteristics of leaves of seedlings and trees of deciduous broadleaved forests were studied from a leaf to stand level to access canopy photosynthetic production in connection with satellite data. Photosynthetic traits of seven deciduous broad-leaved trees was detected with use of a canopy tower and showed specific pattern of each species. In ash and maple, maximum net photosynthetic rate at sunny midday in summer was detected at the second layr of a crown but not surface part of the crown. Surface part of a crown may act as shelter for avoiding strong light flux. Leaf senescence started from the inner part of the crown in alder and birch, but originated either in the outer or top portion of the canopy for ash, basswood and maple. Chlorophyll to nitrogen ratio in leaves increased with decreasing photon flux density, which was detected by portable machines. There is a clear positive correlation between chlorophyll content and photosynthetic rate in one species, however, not among species. Nitrogen concentration was positively correlated well with light saturated photosynthesis in a species. Photosynthetic capacity of tree seedlings regenerated in a gap or floor of forests with deciduous leaf habit changed drastically through the season. Moreover, year-to-year variation of the photosynthetic rate at ambient CO_2 concentration was markedly large. This variation may be due to the diffusion resistance in a leaf because it disappeared at saturated CO_2. Potential capacity of photosynthesis of deciduous broad-leaved trees can be estimated by a portable nitrogen detector in field, which may be monitored by satellite image by way of leaf nitrogen content.

为了结合卫星数据研究落叶阔叶林冠层光合生产，从叶片到林分水平研究了落叶阔叶林苗木和乔木叶片的光合特性。采用冠层塔法测定了7种落叶阔叶树的光合特性，结果表明，不同树种的光合特性存在一定的差异。白蜡树和枫木的净光合速率在夏季晴天中午最大值出现在树冠的第二层，而不是树冠的表层。冠的表面部分可以充当用于避免强光通量的遮蔽物。桤木和桦树叶片衰老始于树冠内部，而白蜡、枫木和枫木叶片衰老则始于树冠外部或顶部。叶绿素/氮比值随光通量密度的降低而增加。叶绿素含量与光合速率在同一种植物中呈明显的正相关关系，但在种间不存在相关关系。氮浓度与植物的光饱和光合作用呈显著正相关。落叶林隙或地面更新的苗木光合能力随季节变化剧烈。此外，在环境CO_2浓度下，光合速率的年际变化也很大。这种变化可能是由于叶片中的扩散阻力，因为它在饱和CO_2时消失了。落叶阔叶树的光合潜力可通过便携式氮素测定仪在野外进行测定，并可通过卫星图像监测叶片含氮量。

项目成果

小池孝良, 松木佐和子, 山路恵子, 松本剛史: "樹木の被食防衛能と食葉性昆虫の活動"北方林業. 55. 206-209 (2003)

Takayoshi Koike、Sawako Matsuki、Keiko Yamaji、Takeshi Matsumoto：“树木抵御猎物的能力和食叶昆虫的活动”《北方林业》55。206-209（2003）。

Chemical and physical defense in the early and late leaves in three heterophyllous birch species native to northern Japan.

原产于日本北部的三种异叶桦树种早叶和晚叶的化学和物理防御。

• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Annals of Botany 93
• 作者: Matsuki;S.;Sane;Y;Koike;T.
• 通讯作者: T.

Growth characteristics of root-shoot relations of three birch seedlings raised under different water regimes

• DOI: 10.1023/a:1026199402085
• 发表时间: 2003-08
• 期刊: Plant and Soil
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: T. Koike;M. Kitao;A. Quoreshi;Y. Matsuura

樹木生理生態学

树木生理生态

• 发表时间: 2004
• 作者: Toida;H.;T. Kozai;K. Ohyama and Handarto.;小池孝良編
• 通讯作者: 小池孝良編

北岡 哲, 渡邊陽子, 日浦 勉, 奥山 悟, 石井 正, 小池孝良: "上層木の伐採と窒素施肥に対する落葉広葉樹前生稚樹の個葉の応答"日本林学会北海道支部会論文集. 52. 84-86 (2004)

Satoshi Kitaoka、Yoko Watanabe、Tsutomu Hiura、Satoru Okuyama、Tadashi Ishii、Takayoshi Koike：“落叶阔叶幼苗单叶对上层树木砍伐和施氮肥的反应”日本林业学会北海道分会论文集。 52 .84-86 (2004)