Real-time assessment technique for reproductive toxicity of environmental disruptors by nuclear magnetic resonance microscopy

核磁共振（NMR）显微镜是一种集成的磁共振成像技术，由于使用了高静态磁场和高磁场梯度，从而提高了空间分辨率。核磁共振是在组织学水平上对组织和器官进行无创、实时和连续检查的有用工具。我们开发了核磁共振显微镜的应用技术来评估哺乳动物胚胎的形态，使用口服环境干扰物（EDs）诱导的发育障碍模型。EDs在哺乳动物胚胎发育中引起广泛的畸形。二维和/或三维NMR。显微图像显示骨骼和软组织的缺陷类似于传统的评估。虽然活体胚胎的快速动态成像还需要进一步的改进，但目前的技术将为生理和病理条件下胚胎发育的多参数评估提供新的方法。

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) microscopy is a integrated magnetic resonance imaging technique with an enhanced spatial resolution due to the use of a high static magnetic field and high magnetic field gradients. NMR is a useful tool for non-invasive, real-time and continuous examination of tissue and organs at the histological level. We developed the application techniques of NMR microscopy to assessment of morphology in mammalian embryos using a developmental disorder model induced by oral administration of environmental disruptors (EDs). EDs induce widespread malformation in developing mammalian embryos. Two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional NMR. micro-images demonstrated defects in skeleton and soft tissue similarly to conventional assessments. Although further improvements are required for rapid dynamic imaging of living embryos, the present techniques will provide new approach as for multi-parametric assessment of embryo development under physiological and pathological conditions.