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Socio-ecological and genetical studies on baboon species which have multi-level social structure

具有多层次社会结构的狒狒物种的社会生态学和遗传学研究

基本信息

批准号：
14405005
负责人：
MORI Akio
金额：
$ 7.3万
依托单位：
Kyoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2002
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2002 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-14405005/
关键词：
hamadryas baboons genetic variability Mt DNA baboon speciation multi-level social structure one male unit paternity male philopatry

项目摘要

We studied hamadryas baboons living in Saudi Arabia, a geographically separated population of the species from Africa to gain insight about the speciation process from anubis to hamadryas baboon. Blood samples were collected by capture and release of baboons at 7 sites. Shotake previously proposed the Arabian peninsula as a site for the origin of speciation of hamadryas baboons based on analysis of blood proteins. Mt DNA analysis in this study revealed that haplotypes in the African side is much more varied than those in the Arabian peninsula. This seems to contradict with an Arabian origin. However, supporting evidence also was found, that anubis baboons and Arabian and Ertrean hamadryas baboons are a common clade of haplotypes, differing from the Ethiopia clade. Further studies are necessary to understand this contradicting evidence. Study was focused on one group, the dam site group at Taif. The group is a commensal group with people having a huge population size of over 500 animals. The group was repeatedly captured every year, to know the paternity of infants, if the leader males of units really sires infants of their own unit females. The result indicated poor performance of the leader males. Captured baboons were marked with ear tags in order to facilitate observation of behavior. Though 209 baboons had been marked since 1998 to 2003, only 57, 89, and 105 marked individuals were found in 2002, 2003, and 2004, respectively. This is because some proportion of ear tags dropped off the ears. Depending on the analysis of marked individuals for 5 years, we found that one-male units in the Saudi Arabian commensal group is much more unstable as compared with Ethiopian ones. Females transferred units more frequently. Higher level of social structure was not observed to last beyond years, indicating clans and bands are not present in the commensal group of hamadryas baboons in Saudi Arabia.

我们研究了生活在沙特阿拉伯的hamadryas狒狒，这是一个地理上分离的非洲物种种群，以了解从anubis到hamadryas狒狒的物种形成过程。通过在7个研究中心捕获和释放狒狒采集血样。Shotake先前提出阿拉伯半岛是基于血液蛋白的分析的Hamadryas狒狒物种形成的起源地。Mt DNA分析显示，非洲一侧的单倍型比阿拉伯半岛一侧的单倍型更多样化。这似乎与阿拉伯起源相矛盾。然而，也发现了支持的证据，即阿努比斯狒狒和阿拉伯和厄特尔的hamadryas狒狒是一个共同的单倍型分支，不同于埃塞俄比亚分支。需要进一步的研究来理解这一矛盾的证据。研究的重点是一个群体，即塔伊夫的坝址群体。该集团是一个拥有超过500只动物的庞大人口规模的人类群体。该集团每年都被反复捕获，以了解婴儿的亲子关系，如果单位的领导者男性真的生下了自己单位女性的婴儿。结果表明，领导男性的表现不佳。用耳标标记捕获的狒狒，以便于观察行为。虽然从1998年到2003年有209只狒狒被标记，但在2002年、2003年和2004年分别只发现了57只、89只和105只被标记的个体。这是因为有一部分耳标从耳朵上掉了下来。根据对标记个体5年的分析，我们发现，与埃塞俄比亚的一个雄性单位相比，沙特阿拉伯的一个雄性单位更不稳定。女性更频繁地转移单位。没有观察到更高层次的社会结构持续超过数年，表明沙特阿拉伯的hamadryas狒狒中不存在氏族和部落。