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Thermostat of skin temperature present in nerve endings

神经末梢中存在的皮肤温度恒温器

基本信息

批准号：
15390071
负责人：
KOBAYASHI Shigeo
金额：
$ 9.79万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15390071/
关键词：
TRP channel thermo receptor nerve ending immunohistochemistry TRPM8 taste bud sensory neuron taste センサー比較器暗号駆動信号 TRPチャネル情報相転移抗体

项目摘要

When skin is cooled, cooling-activated receptors in sensory nerves generate impulses as trigger. When these impulses reach and excite their target neurons in the brain, cold sensation occurs at the stimulated skin, inducing heat-seek behavior for thermoregulation. In contrast, when skin is heated, heating-activated receptors generate impulses to induce hot (or warm) sensation at the stimulated skin. Therefore, we have proposed that cooling- and heating activated receptors are thermostats of skin temperature.To analyze properties of thermo receptors, cooling- and heating-activated impulses have been recorded extracellularly since 1950s. However, receptor molecules have not been found for a long time. Recently, several candidate genes for cooling- and heating-activated receptors have been cloned from cell bodies of sensory neurons as thermo TRP channels in TRP (transient receptor potential) non-selective cation channel family.However, it has not been known whether thermo TRP channels are really expressed in nerve endings. TRPM8 is one of the thermo TRP channels, and responds to cooling and menthol. The purpose of this project is to clarify whether TRPM8 is expressed in nerve endings with immuno-histochemical staining of TRPM8 protein. We made anti-TRPM8 antibody with rabbits, and performed immunohistochemical staining of TRPM8 protein in tissue sections of rat tongue. The results showed that TRPM8-positive signal was detected not only in trigeminal ganglion neurons (cell body of sensory neurons) but also in peripheral nerve endings.This is the first report to show that TRPM8, one of the thermo TRP channels, is expressed in peripheral nerve, suggesting that TRPM8 is cooling-activated receptor to induce thermoregulatory behavior. We conclude that TRPM8 is a molecule to act as a thermostat of skin temperature.

当皮肤被冷却时，感觉神经中的冷却激活受体产生冲动作为触发器。当这些冲动到达并刺激大脑中的目标神经元时，在受刺激的皮肤处发生冷感觉，诱导用于体温调节的热寻求行为。相反，当皮肤被加热时，加热激活的受体产生冲动以在受刺激的皮肤处诱导热（或暖）感觉。因此，我们提出冷激活和热激活感受器是皮肤温度的恒温器。为了分析热感受器的特性，自20世纪50年代以来，已经在细胞外记录了冷激活和热激活脉冲。然而，受体分子已经很长时间没有被发现。近年来，作为TRP（transient receptor potential）非选择性阳离子通道家族中的热TRP通道，人们从感觉神经元胞体中克隆了几个冷激活受体和热激活受体的候选基因，但热TRP通道是否真的在神经末梢中表达尚不清楚。TRPM 8是热TRP通道之一，对凉爽和薄荷脑做出反应。本研究的目的是通过对TRPM8蛋白的免疫组化染色来阐明TRPM8是否在神经末梢中表达。制备兔抗TRPM8抗体，对大鼠舌组织切片进行TRPM8蛋白免疫组化染色。结果表明，TRPM 8不仅在三叉神经节神经元（感觉神经元的胞体）中表达，而且在外周神经末梢中也表达，这是首次报道TRPM 8在外周神经中表达，提示TRPM 8是一种冷激活受体，可诱导体温调节行为。我们得出的结论是，TRPM 8是一种充当皮肤温度恒温器的分子。