Novel immunogene therapy for hematopoietic malignancies

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We performed studies on immunogene therapy for hematopoietic malignanicies. The data obtained from the series of study are as follows. 1) Myeloma cells are sensitive to perforin-dependent cytotoxicity mediated by WT1-specifici cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). 2)There is a difference in the control of perforin expression between CD4^+ and CD8^+ CTLs ; that is, perforin is expressed constitutively in memory CD8^+ CTLs, but is dependent on cell activation in memory CD4^+ CTLs. 3)T-cell receptor (TCR) α and β genes obtained from an HLA-A24-restricted, WT1 peptide-specific CTL clone were lentivirally transduced to polyclonally-activated T lymphocytes. TCR gene-transduced CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes showed HLA-A24-restricted and WT1-specific reactivity against leukemia cells. 4)The WT1-derived epitope recognized by HLA-DP5-restricted CD4+ T-cell clone was identified. WT1-specific CD4+ T-cell clone exerted the perforin-dependent cytotoxicity against leukemia cells. 5)Phase I clinical study of cancer peptide vaccine using WT1-derived and hTERT-derived peptides has been continued. 6) Human immune system was constructed in the novel immundeficient mice by transplantation of human hematopoietic stem cells.