Sustainable biological production of agro-ecosystem in Tibet

2000年8月30日至10月22日，本乡、稻村和山本三人前往中国西藏自治区东部地区，调查牦牛和绵羊的游牧现状以及小麦和大麦的作物生产情况。此外，高桥和铃木还研究了麦田的热量和水分平衡、叶面积和气孔的活动、雨水和地下水的电导率和pH值，以阐明作物反应与二氧化碳和水蒸气含量低的关系。在海拔3800米以下，大部分农田种植小麦和大麦。在这个海拔以上，牦牛和绵羊游牧是在天然草原上进行的。藏东地区与藏中地区有着完全不同的景观。湿润温暖条件下为针叶林。在林芝地区，种植苹果和水稻。看来，像游牧西藏这样的大众认知必须改变。农民收获了许多个体， ...更多信息 l杂草燕麦侵入小麦或大麦田。将收获的植物洗净，切断根部，干燥，并作为越冬饲料储存。杂草燕麦不仅是一种杂草，而且被认为是一种重要的绿色饲料。以前，农民吃“zampa”，烤大麦，作为主要食物，所以大麦在许多领域种植。近年来，随着汉族人口的增加，小麦种植也在增加。在拉萨附近的许多田地里，种植小麦，但大麦在当地村庄很常见。在拉萨附近，马铃薯、玉米种植增加，绿色大棚番茄、茄子种植增加。城镇居民年人均可支配收入的提高，带来了消费生活水平的提高。城乡居民可支配收入差距逐年扩大。少

During August 30th to October 22nd, 2000, Hongo, Inamura and Yamamoto went to the eastern region in the Tibet Autonomous Region, China in order to survey the present situation of nomadism of yak and sheep, and crop production of wheat and barley. In addition, Takahashi and Suzuki studied heat and water balance in wheat field, activities of leaf area and stomata, and electric conductivity and pH of rain and underground water, in order to clarify the relationship between crop response and low content of carbon dioxide and vapor.Under an altitude of 3800m, wheat and barley were cultivated in most fields. Above this altitude, yak and sheep nomads were carried out in natural grasslands. The eastern Tibet has the completely different landscape compared with the central Tibet. There were conifer forests under wet and warm condition. In the Nyingtri district, apple and rice were cultivated. It seems that popular recognition such as nomadic Tibet must be changed.Farmers harvested many individua … More l plants of weedy oat invaded into wheat or barley fields. Harvested plants were washed, cut off from roots, dried up, and stored as a over-winter feed stuffs. Weedy oat was not only a weed, but was considered to be a important green fodder.Previously, farmers ate "zampa", toasted barley, as a principal food, so that barley was cultivated in many fields. Recently, wheat cultivation is increasing with an increase in population of Han tribe. In many fields near Lhasa, wheat was cultivated, but barley cultivation was common in local villages. The main reason of increasing wheat cultivation is considered to be due to high productivity of wheat with increasing utilization of nitrogenous fertilizers.Near Lhasa, there was an increase in potato and corn cultivation, and tomato and eggplant cultivation in a green house. A rise of annual per capita disposable income of urban residents bring about a higher level of their consumer life. The difference of disposable income between urban and rural residents increases year by year. Less