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Studies on regional population of Japan before 1960's

1960年代以前日本地区人口研究

基本信息

批准号：
12480015
负责人：
TAKAHASHI Shinichi
金额：
$ 9.09万
依托单位：
Kobe University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Studies on population issues in Japan during the second half of 19^<th> century and the first half of 20^<th> century, in particular from a regional perspective, has been still less developed and the aim of this research project was to prepare demographic database of Japan in the first half of the 20^<th> century for scientific studies and to investigate factors for changes in demographic dynamics, migration and household structures during the period considering for applying demographic transition theory in the pre-war Japan. In addition, this project was conducted mainly by the members of Study Group on Population Issues from a Regional Perspective in Population Association of Japan, composed of scholars from various disciplines. This research project yielded the following results; 1) completed demographic database concerning number of births and deaths by prefecture after 1900, estimates of net-migrants, net-migration rate by prefecture after 1920 and various demographic indicators at regional level derived from Population Census and Vital Statistics of Japan, 2) based on the database, net out-migration from the rural areas and net inflow to the urban areas were identified in the pre-war Japan and we recognized that return migration to the rural areas observed even in the 1920's, 3) We investigated the interrelationship between natural increase and net-migration at prefecture level, seasonal disparity of mortality, factors for changing household structures and discussed the demographic transition processes of pre-war Japan from a regional perspective, 4) Land use changes at micro level in connection with population increase and urbanization and the micro-level population developments concerning Ryukyu Islands were also investigated. The following points are left as future problems, 1) making more detailed database, 2) more researches on the interrelationship among demographic natural increase of population, migration and urbanization at regional level.

日本19世纪下半叶和20世纪上半叶的人口问题，特别是从区域角度的研究还很不发达，本研究项目的目的是为科学研究准备日本20世纪上半叶的人口数据库，并调查考虑在战前日本应用人口转型理论的时期人口动态、移民和家庭结构变化的因素。此外，该项目主要由日本人口协会地区视角的人口问题研究小组成员进行，该研究小组由各学科的学者组成。该研究项目取得了以下成果； 1) 完成了 1900 年后各都道府县出生和死亡人数的人口数据库、1920 年后各都道府县净移徙者、净移徙率的估计以及来自日本人口普查和人口动态统计的地区一级的各种人口指标，2) 根据该数据库，确定了战前日本从农村地区的净移出和向城市地区的净流入，并认识到返乡移徙 3）调查了都道府县自然增长与净移民之间的相互关系、死亡率的季节性差异、家庭结构变化的因素，并从区域角度讨论了战前日本的人口转变过程。4）还调查了与人口增长和城市化相关的微观层面的土地利用变化以及琉球群岛的微观层面的人口发展。以下几点是未来的问题，1）建立更详细的数据库，2）更多地研究区域层面的人口自然增长、人口迁移和城市化之间的相互关系。