The localization of apoptosis and apoptosis-related genes (bcl-2,p53) expression

应用免疫组织化学和原位末端标记法，对非黑色素瘤皮肤癌(鳞状细胞癌4例、鲍温病5例、光化性角化病3例、基底细胞癌5例)中细胞凋亡及其相关基因(P53、bcl2)的表达进行了研究。将结果与增殖细胞核抗原免疫组织化学染色和形态分化程度确定的增殖活性部位进行比较。在鳞状细胞角化不良细胞、BD和AK病变的分化部分以及BCC的部分肿瘤细胞中可检测到凋亡细胞。相反，在SCC、BCC和BDS的大部分肿瘤细胞中，增殖细胞核抗原呈阳性表达。在AK病变中，基底细胞和基底上细胞呈阳性反应。结果表明，细胞凋亡过程与鳞状增生性肿瘤的分化有关。在BD和AK皮损的增生部可见P53阳性细胞。在鳞状细胞癌中，尽管P53的表达程度不同，但更多的肿瘤细胞P53阳性，而在BCC中仅有少数。提示在SCC中，BD和AK P53的表达与肿瘤细胞的增殖有关。在BCC中，P53可能也参与了肿瘤细胞的发展。增殖细胞核抗原与P53蛋白表达无一致性相关关系。在大部分鳞癌、BD、AK及邻近正常皮肤组织中均未见bcl2表达，仅1例BD基底层细胞有弱表达。5例膀胱移行细胞癌中有4例肿瘤细胞呈bcl2弥漫性表达。提示bcl2可能在基底细胞癌的发生发展中起重要作用。未发现bc1-2、增殖细胞核抗原的表达与细胞凋亡的关系。非黑色素瘤皮肤癌的细胞凋亡机制尚需进一步研究。

The localization of apoptosis and apoptosis-related genes (p53, bcl-2) in non-melanoma skin cancers(squamous cell carcinoma(SCC, n=4), Bowen's disease(BD, n=5), actinic keratosis(AK, n=3), Basal cell carcinoma(BCC, n=5) was investigated using immunostaining and the TUNEL method. The resulting locations were compared with those of proliferative activities determined by PCNA immunostaining and the degree of morphological differentiation. Apoptotic cells were detected among the dyskeratotic cells of SCCs, the differentiated parts of BD and AK lesions and some tumor cells of BCC. On the contrary, PCNA was positive in many tumor cells of SCCs, BCCs and most tumor cells of BDs. In the lesions of AK, basal and suprabasal cells were positive with PCNA. There results indicate that apoptotic process is related to the differentiation of squamoproliferative tumors. P53-positive cells were observed in the proliferative portion of BD and AK lesions. In SCC, more tumor cells were p53-positive compared to only a few in BCC, although there are variations of the degree of p53 expression. These results suggest that in SCC, BD and AK p53 expression is related to the proliferation of tumor cells. In BCC p53 also might be involved in the development of tumor cells. There is no consistent correlation between PCNA and p53 expression. No bcl-2 expression was observed in most cases of SCC, BD, AK and adjacent normal epidermis, although weak bcl-2 expression was detected in the basal cells in one case of BD. In 4 of 5 cases of BCC the diffuse expression of bcl-2 was detected in the tumor cells. These results suggest that bcl-2 may play an important role of the development of BCC. I could not find any relationships between the expression of bcl-2, PCNA and apoptosis. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms of apoptosis in non-melanoma skin cancer.