Hydrochemical Dynamics in the Japan Alps during Winter

日本阿尔卑斯山冬季水化学动态

• 批准号: 12480018
• 负责人: SUZUKI Keisuke
• 金额: $ 10.3万
• 依托单位: Shinshu University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12480018/
• 关键词: Japan Alps; snow; snow cover; snow melt; forested watershed; wet deposition; yellow sand; airborne pollutants; 実験流域; 乾性沈着物

A chemical study of the snow was conducted in the Japan Alps, central Japan. The snow samples were filtered, and conductivity and pH were measured with a conductivity meter and pH meter, respectively. Anions and rations were determined by an ion chromatography (DIONEX : DX-500). A relationship was observed between ion concentration of the new snow and the height of sampling site. The ratios of Cl^-/Na^+ and Mg^<2+>/Na^+ found in the snow samples were nearly equal to those of sea water. This result suggests that Na^+, Mg^<2+>, and Cl^-found in the snow are originated from sea waterChemical studies of the stream water in a small forested watershed were conducted at Nishi-Koma, Nagano prefecture. The experimental watershed is located under the snowy temperate climate, and has an area of 0.29 km^2. When stream discharge is composed of baseflow only, discharge shows diurnal variation ; namely, the daily minimum discharge is observed at noon, and the daily peak discharge is observed in the afternoon. Diurnal variations of latent heat flux and discharge show a same phase. Solar radiation and relative humidity have also good correlation with discharge. It is considered that the diurnal variation of discharge is affected by the latent heat flux from watershed. The diurnal variation of discharge is observed during the warm season, especially in spring and autumn. This,variation is influenced by evapotranspiration because of a rich solar radiation, relative humidity declines, and it is not observed the heavy rainfall in both seasons

对日本中部阿尔卑斯山的积雪进行了化学研究。对雪样进行过滤，用电导率仪和pH计分别测定电导率和pH值。阴离子和日粮用离子色谱仪(DIONEX：DX-500)测定。新雪的离子浓度与采样点高度之间存在一定的关系。雪样中的Cl~-/Na~+和Mg~(2+)/Na~(2+)比值与海水接近。这一结果表明，雪中发现的Na~+、Mg~(2+)、~(2+)和C~(2+)均来源于海水。试验流域地处多雪温带气候条件下，流域面积0.29 km2。当径流流量仅由基流组成时，流量表现为日变化，即日最小流量出现在中午，日峰值出现在下午。潜热通量和流量的日变化具有相同的位相特征。太阳辐射和相对湿度与流量也有很好的相关性。认为流量的日变化受流域潜热通量的影响。流量的日变化在暖季出现，尤其是春秋两季。这种变化受蒸散的影响，因为太阳辐射丰富，相对湿度下降，而且两个季节都没有观测到强降雨。

项目成果

Suzuki, K., Y.Watanabe: "Chemical changes of snowpack by microbiological activity and incubation experiment of Scenedesmus acuminatas"Seppyo. 62. 235-244 (2000)

Suzuki, K., Y.Watanabe：“微生物活性引起的积雪化学变化和栅藻孵化实验”Seppyo。

鈴木啓助: "わが国における雪氷化学研究"雪氷(日本雪氷学会誌). 62-3. 185-196 (2000)

铃木圭介：“日本冰雪化学研究”《雪与冰》（日本冰雪学会杂志）62-3（2000）。

八久保晶弘: "霜結晶による積雪表層の安定同位体分別過程"雪氷(日本雪氷学会誌). 62-3. 265-277 (2000)

Akihiro Yakubo：“霜晶体在雪表面层中的稳定同位素分馏过程”《雪与冰》（日本雪与冰学会杂志）62-3（2000）。

Suzuki, K.: "Chemical property of snow meltwater in a snowy temperate area."Bulletin of Glaciological Research. 20. 15-20 (2003)

Suzuki, K.：“雪温带地区雪融水的化学性质。”冰川学研究通报。

Mochida, M., Kitamori, Y., Kawamura, K., Nojiri, Y., Suzuki, K.: "Fatty acids in the marine atmosphere : Factors governing their concentrations and evaluation of organic films on sea-salt particles."Jornal of Geophysical Research. 107. 4325-4334 (2002)

Mochida, M.、Kitamori, Y.、Kawamura, K.、Nojiri, Y.、Suzuki, K.：“海洋大气中的脂肪酸：控制其浓度的因素以及海盐颗粒上有机膜的评估。”杂志