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Utilization system of greenhouse gases generated in composting process of agricultural

农业堆肥过程中产生的温室气体利用系统

基本信息

批准号：
12556058
负责人：
TOJO Seishu
金额：
$ 8.45万
依托单位：
Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The following results were obtained by this research.(1) The experimental system which recovers the ammonia and converts the ammonia into the nutrient with the soil and microorganism filter was manufactured experimentally in order to utilize the compost gas in the biological production. The system works well, however, the trace gas such as sulfur compound could not removed by the biofilter and was the barrier to growth. The carbon dioxide in the compost gas could be utilized for crop cultivation after the removing process of the trace gas through the honeycomb type catalytic filter.(2) The trace gas generated in the composting process of the garbage was examined comparing with the moist control material of the soil and the sawdust. The ability of soil to suppress the generation of methyl mercaptan was higher than the sawdust, but the methyl sulfide was controlled with the sawdust effectively.(3) A small-scale plant culture system using the compost gas which can be used in the home or s … More chool education was tested. The compost gas was trapped in the water and it was supplied to the soil of the plant growth media. The possibility in which gas supply is effective on the growth was shown by the experiment of komatsuna cultivation.(4) Shortening method of the soil respiration rate measurement using the gaschromatograph and the little soil sample was examined in order to distinguish the reaction of the biota in the soil deodorizer. Quantity reduction of soil sampling and shortening in culture time were also possible if the ratio between soil quantity and volume of the culture bottle was adjusted because the soil respiration rate measured with this experiment had high correlation with value of the NaOH method.(5) The change of nematode phase and microarthropod phase in the soil deodorizer was measured to examine the soil biomass variation in the deodorization process. Large arthropods such as ant and beetle were decreased, and Nematoda were increased with the progress of day. In the closed system of the soil deodorizer, species regarded as a top of trophic level seemed to be prickle acarine and trombiculid mite. Less

本研究取得了以下成果。(1)为了将堆肥气用于生物生产，实验制作了土壤-微生物过滤器回收氨并将氨转化为养分的实验系统。系统运行良好，但含硫化合物等微量气体不能被生物滤塔去除，成为系统生长的障碍。堆肥气中的二氧化碳经蜂窝式催化过滤器去除微量气体后，可用于农作物栽培。(2)以土壤和锯末为对照，对垃圾堆肥过程中产生的微量气体进行了检测。土壤抑制甲基硫生成的能力高于锯末，但锯末对甲基硫的控制效果较好。(3)一种小型的利用堆肥气体的植物栽培系统， ...更多信息对学校教育进行了测试。堆肥气体被截留在水中，并被供应到植物生长介质的土壤中。通过小松菜栽培试验，证明了供气对小松菜生长有效的可能性。(4)为了区分生物群在土壤呼吸仪中的反应，对气相色谱法测定土壤呼吸速率的简化方法和少量土样进行了研究。由于本试验测定的土壤呼吸速率与NaOH法测定值具有高度的相关性，因此，通过调整培养瓶内土壤量与容积的比例，可以减少土壤取样量，缩短培养时间。(5)通过测定土壤微生物中线虫相和微型节肢动物相的变化，研究了土壤微生物在土壤微生物培养过程中的变化。大型节肢动物如蚂蚁和甲虫随着白天的进展而减少，而线虫类则随着白天的进展而增加。在土壤净化器的封闭系统中，被认为是营养级最高的物种似乎是刺螨和恙螨。少