The Cognitive Pragmatic Investigation of Conceptualization in the Process of Text Understanding and Its Phenomenological Considerations

我们的研究表明，认知语言学中的基本概念，如“识解”和“径向范畴”，在分析各个层面的语言单位时都是一致有效的--不仅在单词层面上，而且在语篇层面上。特别是，这些概念和相关的概念，如框架和前景/侧写，对于分析人际会话中某个词的意义可能随着话语在参与者之间的演变而轻微而逐渐地发生变化的过程是非常有效的，从而导致参与者之间的严重误解。我们的研究还表明，认知语言学中的上述概念可以通过“反话语”的方式，通过建构主义过程来综合地解释语篇中意义的产生过程。这些调查结果证实了这些认知语言学概念在福图…中的方法论有效性更多的认知语用学研究。我们从一开始就认为，特别是在高度抽象的哲学文本的情况下，文本理解的成功在很大程度上取决于读者理解此类文本中出现的类比和隐喻表达的能力。在此基础上，探讨了认知语言学中的类比和隐喻理论，并阐明了它们在理解哲学文本中的作用。我们的研究表明，几乎所有哲学的基本概念都以某种方式起源于隐喻或类比。尽管哲学的基本概念可以被描述为高度抽象，但它们植根于我们的具体经验，它们反映了一些通过我们具体的身体经验和感觉-运动模式而出现的形象图式。例如，哲学讨论中使用的时间关系的表述，其性质是高度抽象的。在哲学家的讨论中，这种关系通常可以通过空间图式来表达。在这种情况下，空间现象的作用是“源域”，而“目标域”是时间关系。我们的研究表明，许多哲学概念可能是从思想史上的比喻性“映射”中产生的。较少

Our investigations have shown that the basic concepts in cognitive linguistics such as "construal" and "radial categories," are consistently valid in analyzing linguistic units at all levels- not only at word level but also at discourse level. Especially, it has been made clear that those concepts, together with their related concepts such as "frames" and "foregounding/profiling" are very effective in analyzing the processes in interpersonal conversations in which the meaning of a certain word may shift slightly and gradually as the discourse evolves among the participants, leading to serious misunderstanding among them. Our investigations have also made clear that the above-mentioned concepts in cognitive linguistics can explain in an integrated way the process of the emergence of meaning in text through constructionist processes by means of "counter discourses." These results of our investigations confirm the methodological effectiveness of these cognitive linguistic concepts in futu … More re cognitive pragmatics research.We assumed from the outset that especially in the case of highly abstract texts of philosophy the success of text understanding greatly depends upon the reader's ability to understand analogical and metaphorical expressions that appear in such texts. Upon this assumption the cognitive linguistic theory of analogy and metaphor has been investigated, and their functions in the understanding of philosophical texts have been elucidated. Our investigations have shown that almost all fundamental concepts of philosophy are originated in metaphors or analogies in some way. Although fundamental concepts of philosophy can be characterized as highly abstract, they are rooted in our concrete experiences, and they reflect some image-schemas that have emerged through our concrete body-experiences and sensory-motor patterns. For instance, the expressions of temporal relation, which are used in philosophical discussions, are highly abstract in their character. Such relations may be often expressed by means of spatial schemas in discussions of philosophers. In this case, spatial phenomena function as the "source-domain," and the "target-domain" is temporal relation. Our investigations have made clear that many philosophical concepts might have emerged from the metaphorical "mapping" in the history of thoughts. Less