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A Study on the Formation of Environment-friendly Economic System for Japanese Regions towards the Reduction of Carbon Dioxide Emission

日本地区形成环境友好型经济体系以减少二氧化碳排放的研究

基本信息

批准号：
15510026
负责人：
ABE Hirofumi
金额：
$ 1.92万
依托单位：
OKAYAMA UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15510026/
关键词：
Input-output analysis Global warming Carbon dioxide emission Regional economic structure

项目摘要

The global warming is the most important environmental issue for human society in terms of its scale and impact. The Japanese Government established the Global Worming Headquarters in December 1997 to implement effective measures against global warming-related issues. The Japanese Diet approved the Kyoto Protocol in May 2002, and accordingly, Japan has an obligation of greenhouse gas emissions reduction of 6% below 1990 levels.The input-output analysis is a useful tool to examine the economic structural problems concerning the economic growth, the industrial structure and the environment. Various researches have been made to estimate the carbon dioxide emissions from the economic activities and the public life in Japan using input-output tables.This study aims to identify the relationships between the regional economic structure and the carbon dioxide emission in Japanese regions. The study employs regional input-output tables published by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry and the data for carbon dioxide emission intensity estimated by the National Institute for Environmental Studies for years 1985,1990 and 1995.The empirical study has revealed that the electricity and the transport sectors showed marked increases in carbon dioxide emissions during 1985-95, whereas most of the manufacturing sectors showed reduction during the same period. According to the analysis by region, the carbon dioxide emission showed a growing trend in each region due to an increase in final demand. Furthermore, a simulation analysis for the reduction of carbon dioxide emission has identified that the effective reduction can be achieved by introducing an environment efficiency index for each industrial sector.

全球变暖就其规模和影响而言是人类社会最重要的环境问题。日本政府于1997年12月成立了全球防虫总部，以实施有效措施应对与全球变暖有关的问题。日本国会于2002年5月批准了《京都议定书》，据此，日本有义务将温室气体排放量在1990年的基础上减少6%。投入产出分析是研究经济增长、产业结构和环境等经济结构问题的有效工具。利用投入产出表对日本经济活动和公共生活中的二氧化碳排放量进行了估算。本研究旨在探讨日本区域经济结构与二氧化碳排放的关系。这项研究采用了经济、贸易和工业部公布的区域投入产出表以及国家环境研究所1985年、1990年和1995年估计的二氧化碳排放强度数据。实证研究表明，1985- 1995年期间，电力和运输部门的二氧化碳排放量明显增加，而同期大多数制造业部门的排放量则有所减少。从区域分析来看，由于最终需求的增加，各区域的二氧化碳排放量呈增长趋势。此外，对减少二氧化碳排放的模拟分析已经确定，通过为每个工业部门引入环境效率指数可以实现有效的减少。