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Reexamination of Kant's criticism of modern rationalism from the viewpoint of the confrontation with Wolffian philosophy

从与沃尔夫哲学对抗的角度重新审视康德对现代理性主义的批判

基本信息

批准号：
15520005
负责人：
HIGAKI Yoshishige
金额：
$ 1.22万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15520005/
关键词：
Leibniz-Wolffian Philosophy Kant Eberhard raitonalism 理性エーベルハント

项目摘要

The innovativeness of Kant's criticism of modern rationalism was clarified from the viewpoint of the confrontation with Wolffian philosophy.First, Eberhard's six nest articles in "Philosophical magazine" were examined.1.On limits of human knowledge.2.On logical truth or the transcendental validity of human knowledge.3.More application of the theory of the logical truth or the transcendental validity of human knowledge.4.On area of pure intellect.5.On essential difference between cognition by sense and cognition by intellect.6.On origin of human knowledge.Next, Kant's response in "On a discovery whereby any new critique of pure reason is to be made superfluous by an older one" was examined.1.The problem of the descriptive order2.Concerning the objective reality of those concepts to which no corresponding sensible intuition can be given.3.Demonstration of the objective reality of the principle and concept of sufficient reason.4.Proof of the objective reality of the concept of the simple in regard to objects of experience.5.The method of ascending from the sensible to the non-sensible.The point about the essential difference of Eberhard from Kant was found not in the underestimate of experience, but in the mixture of the empirical and the rational, or the sensible and the intellectual. Eberhard says, "We cannot have any general concepts which we have not abstracted from the things which we perceive through the senses or from those of which we are conscious in our own soul". Wolffian philosophy abstract the intellectual from the sensible. This point dates back to Aristotle's ancient philosophy. The innovativeness of Kant's "critical philosophy" becomes clear only after careful consideration to this point.

从与沃尔夫哲学的对抗角度阐明了康德对近代理性主义批判的创新性。埃伯哈德在《哲学杂志》上的六篇文章本文从逻辑真理论的基本观点出发，探讨了逻辑真理论的三个基本问题：1.关于人类知识的限度问题; 2.关于逻辑真理论或人类知识的先验有效性问题; 3.关于逻辑真理论或人类知识的先验有效性问题的进一步应用问题; 4.关于纯粹真理论的领域问题5.论感性认识与知性认识的本质区别6.论人类知识的起源其次，康德在“关于一个发现，即任何对纯粹理性的新批判都将被旧批判变得多余”中的回应1.描述顺序的问题2.关于那些不能给予相应的感性直观的概念的客观实在性3.论证本文从三个方面论述了埃伯哈德与康德的本质区别：一是对经验的认识;二是对经验的认识;三是对经验的认识;四是对经验对象的简单性概念的客观实在性的证明;五是从感性上升到非感性的方法。埃伯哈德与康德的本质区别不在于对经验的低估，而在于经验与理性的混合，或理智和理智的人。埃伯哈德说：“我们不可能有任何一般概念，我们没有从我们通过感官感知的事物或我们在自己的灵魂中意识到的事物中抽象出来。沃尔夫哲学把理智从感性中抽象出来。这一点可以追溯到亚里士多德的古代哲学。康德“批判哲学”的创新性只有在对这一点进行认真思考之后才能显现出来。