Molecular analysis of excretory-secretory products of Trichinella causing muscle cell transformation.

感染旋毛虫或假旋毛虫可引起肌肉细胞转化和卫星细胞增殖，其中旋毛虫形成典型的包囊，而伪旋毛虫形成极差的包囊。我们建立了两个编码与旋毛虫蛋白相关的伪旋毛虫排泄分泌蛋白的克隆，揭示了这两个蛋白在肌肉细胞转化、包囊形成和旋毛虫寄生的延续过程中起重要作用。我们发现两种旋毛虫的哺乳细胞质不同，旋毛虫包囊中不同来源的细胞质也不同。通过时程研究揭示了小鼠感染旋毛虫或假旋毛虫后的组织病理学变化顺序。前者在感染后18天左右形成一个囊肿，明显的肌病局限在Cy…内。更多的圣。然而，在后一种情况下，没有形成典型的囊性病变，肌病扩散到感染的肌肉组织，占据了肌肉切片的一半面积。为了寻找与哺乳细胞形成有关的候选基因，对旋毛虫感染前后的肌肉组织进行了基因芯片分析。旋毛虫感染后，有几个基因表达增加，这些基因参与细胞分化、增殖、细胞周期和细胞凋亡。在旋毛虫感染肌肉过程中，线粒体凋亡相关基因表达上调。它们表达在哺乳细胞的嗜碱性细胞质(受感染的肌肉细胞起源)。受感染的肌肉细胞通过新形成的线粒体中的因素触发的凋亡过程进行转化但死亡。抗细胞凋亡因子可能有助于嗜酸性细胞质的存活，以确保护士细胞的功能。研究肿瘤坏死因子-α/肿瘤坏死因子受体1信号通路中介导细胞凋亡的因子的表达。感染的肌肉组织在囊形成初期上调促凋亡基因和抗凋亡基因的表达。旋毛虫成囊后表达恢复到正常水平。我们从旋毛虫构建的cDNA文库中克隆了旋毛虫的基因。一个cdna克隆，编码的烯醇酶催化2-磷酸-D-甘油酸在糖酵解途径中可逆地转化为磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸。较少

Infection with Trichinella spiralis or T.pseudospiralis causes muscle cell transformation and satellite cell proliferation, and T.spiralis forms typical cyst but T.pseudospiralis forms very poor cyst. We established two clones encoding the T.pseudospiralis excretory-secretory proteins related to the T.spiralis proteins, and revealed that these two proteins are important for muscle cell transformation, cyst formation and continuation of parasitism due to Trichinella.The nurse cell in the cyst of T.spiralis comprises at least two kinds of cytoplasm, derived from muscle or satellite cells. We revealed that the nurse cell cytoplasm differed between the two Trichinella species and between the two origins of cytoplasm in the cyst of T.spiralis. A time course study was performed to reveal the sequence of histopathology after T.spiralis or T.pseudospiralis infection in mice. A cyst was formed in the former case by about 18 days post infection and prominent myopathy was restricted within the cy … More st. In the latter case, however, no typical cyst was formed, and myopathy spread diffusely over the infected muscle tissues occupying half area of muscle sections.To search for the candidate genes responsible for nurse cell formation, cDNA microarray analysis of muscle tissues was performed before and after Trichinella infection. After the infection, several genes increased expression, and these genes after the infection responsible for cell differentiation, proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis.The expression of mitochondrial apoptosis related genes is elevated in Trichinella spiralis-infected muscles during encapsulation. These were expressed in the basophilic cytoplasm (infected muscle cell origin) of the nurse cells. The infected muscle cells transform but die through the process of apoptosis, which is triggered by factors from the newly formed mitochondria. The anti-apoptosis factor may help the eosinophilic cytoplasm with its survival to ensure nurse cell function. The expression of the factors of TNF-α/TNF receptor 1 signaling pathway mediating apoptosis was investigated. The infected muscle tissues up-regulate the expression of proapoptosis genes, and anti-apoptosis genes at the beginning of cyst formation. The expression returned to the normal level after cyst formation.We established a cDNA clone from the cDNA library constructed from Trichinella spiralrs. A cDNA clone, encoded enolase that catalyzed a reversible conversion of 2-phospho-D-glyceric acid to phosphoenolpyruvate in the glycolytic pathway. Less