Molecular analysis of excretory-secretory products of Trichinella causing muscle cell transformation.

旋毛虫或伪旋毛虫感染后，肌细胞发生转化和卫星细胞增殖，旋毛虫形成典型的包囊，而伪旋毛虫形成的包囊很差。本研究建立了两个编码与旋毛虫蛋白质相关的伪旋毛虫排泄分泌蛋白的克隆，揭示了这两个蛋白质在旋毛虫肌细胞转化、包囊形成和寄生延续中的重要作用。旋毛虫包囊中的营养细胞至少包括两种细胞质，分别来自肌细胞和卫星细胞。我们发现，护士细胞的细胞质不同的两个旋毛虫物种之间的两个起源的细胞质在包囊的旋毛虫。通过时间进程研究，揭示了旋毛虫或假旋毛虫感染小鼠后的组织病理学顺序。前一个病例在感染后约18天形成囊肿，突出的肌病局限于囊肿内。 关于我们 然而，在后者的情况下，没有形成典型的囊肿，肌病扩散到感染的肌肉组织，占肌肉切片的一半面积。为了寻找负责护士细胞形成的候选基因，旋毛虫感染前后的肌肉组织进行cDNA微阵列分析。感染旋毛虫后，多个基因表达增加，这些基因在感染后负责细胞分化、增殖、细胞周期和凋亡，线粒体凋亡相关基因在旋毛虫感染肌肉包囊过程中表达增加。这些在滋养细胞的嗜碱性细胞质（感染的肌细胞来源）中表达。受感染的肌肉细胞通过凋亡过程转化但死亡，这是由新形成的线粒体的因子触发的。抗凋亡因子可能有助于嗜酸性细胞质的存活，以确保护理细胞的功能。观察TNF-α/TNF受体1信号通路中介导细胞凋亡因子的表达。感染的肌肉组织在囊肿形成初期上调促凋亡基因和抗凋亡基因的表达。从构建的旋毛虫cDNA文库中克隆了旋毛虫的cDNA。一个cDNA克隆，编码在糖酵解途径中催化2-磷酸-D-甘油酸可逆转化为磷酸烯醇丙酮酸的烯醇化酶。少

Infection with Trichinella spiralis or T.pseudospiralis causes muscle cell transformation and satellite cell proliferation, and T.spiralis forms typical cyst but T.pseudospiralis forms very poor cyst. We established two clones encoding the T.pseudospiralis excretory-secretory proteins related to the T.spiralis proteins, and revealed that these two proteins are important for muscle cell transformation, cyst formation and continuation of parasitism due to Trichinella.The nurse cell in the cyst of T.spiralis comprises at least two kinds of cytoplasm, derived from muscle or satellite cells. We revealed that the nurse cell cytoplasm differed between the two Trichinella species and between the two origins of cytoplasm in the cyst of T.spiralis. A time course study was performed to reveal the sequence of histopathology after T.spiralis or T.pseudospiralis infection in mice. A cyst was formed in the former case by about 18 days post infection and prominent myopathy was restricted within the cy … More st. In the latter case, however, no typical cyst was formed, and myopathy spread diffusely over the infected muscle tissues occupying half area of muscle sections.To search for the candidate genes responsible for nurse cell formation, cDNA microarray analysis of muscle tissues was performed before and after Trichinella infection. After the infection, several genes increased expression, and these genes after the infection responsible for cell differentiation, proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis.The expression of mitochondrial apoptosis related genes is elevated in Trichinella spiralis-infected muscles during encapsulation. These were expressed in the basophilic cytoplasm (infected muscle cell origin) of the nurse cells. The infected muscle cells transform but die through the process of apoptosis, which is triggered by factors from the newly formed mitochondria. The anti-apoptosis factor may help the eosinophilic cytoplasm with its survival to ensure nurse cell function. The expression of the factors of TNF-α/TNF receptor 1 signaling pathway mediating apoptosis was investigated. The infected muscle tissues up-regulate the expression of proapoptosis genes, and anti-apoptosis genes at the beginning of cyst formation. The expression returned to the normal level after cyst formation.We established a cDNA clone from the cDNA library constructed from Trichinella spiralrs. A cDNA clone, encoded enolase that catalyzed a reversible conversion of 2-phospho-D-glyceric acid to phosphoenolpyruvate in the glycolytic pathway. Less